EFTA01204547.pdf

Chcckpoint I Document hups://checkpointsiag.com/app/view/toolltem?usid=31381fy I 1604&fea... Checkpoint Contents Federal Library See comments throughout document Federal Source Materials Federal Tax Decisions Tax Court Memorandum Decisions Tax Court & Board of Tax Appeals Memorandum Decisions (Prior Years) 1970 TC Memo 1970-199 - IC Memo 1970-160 H. H. Mink Bag Co.. Inc., Et Al., TC Memo 1970-177, 06/25/1970 Tax Court & Board of Tax Appeals Memorandum Decisions H. H. Mink Bag Co., Inc., Et Al., TC Memo 1970-177 H. H. MINK & SON BAG CO., INC., ET AL.The following proceedings are consolidated herewith: Hymen H. Mink and Doris Mink, docket No. 2931-67; and Mervyn and Shirley Mink, docket No. 2932-67. Case Information: [pg. 70-857) Code Sec(s): Docket: Docket Nos. 2930-67-2932-67. Date Issued: 06/25/1970 Judge: Opinion by IRWIN, J. Tax Year(s): Years 1962. 1963. 1964. Disposition: Deficiencies redetermined. Cites: TC Memo 1970-177, PH TCM P 70177, 29 CCH TCM 778. HEADNOTE 1. BUSINESS EXPENSES — Cost of goods sold — items included — specific items. Deduction for cost of goods sold allowed corp. and predecessor partnership for bags and cartons purchased from corp. for cash. Partners' testimony was uncontradicted and relevant while credibility of witness's testimony denying cash purchases was doubtful. Reference(s): 1970 P-H Fed. ¶ 11.451. 2. BUSINESS EXPENSES—Travel expenses—relation to business or employment—business purpose. Business expense deduction denied corp. for payment of shareholders trip to Florida: amount was constructive dividend to shareholder. Trip was taken as vacation and although business contacts were made, there was no indication of amount of time or cost attributable to business. Reference(s): 1970 P-H Fed. ¶ 11,355(5). I of 12 8/B/2014 4:14 PM EFTA01204547 Chcckpoint I Document hups://checkpointsiag.com/app/view/toolltem?usid=31381N11604&fea... 3. BUSINESS EXPENSES - Gifts as business expenses—general rules. Business expense deduction denied corp. for payment of shareholder's liquor purchases allegedly given to customers as Xmas gifts: amounts were constructive dividends to him. No proof liquor was for customers rather than personal friends. Reference(s): 1970 P-H Fed. ¶ 12,013(15). 4. BUSINESS EXPENSES — Automobile expenses — apportionment between business and personal use. Business expense deduction allowed in part for partners' use of co. car: car was partially used for personal matters and partnership income and partners' distributive shares were increased accordingly. No records were kept and Tax Court determined 60% business use. "IN PART" - not in total. This is critical. The Court sought to Reference(s): 1970 P-H Fed. ¶ 11,425(5). deny deductions and added back the personal use of the car to net income. The act of adding income is the same result as Syllabus denying deductions. Official Tax Court Syllabus [1] Held, the H. H. Mink & Son Bag Co. partnership and petitioner-corporation made cash purchases from Ble chfeld Bag Co.. Inc., during the period involved herein for which they are entitled to deductions. [2] Held, further, part of the use of the car which petitioner Hymen drove during the first six months of 1962 was personal, and the partnership income will be increased accordingly, as well as Hymen's and Mervyn's distributive share of the partnership income. Part of the use of the car owned by petitioner-corporation which Hymen drove during the last six months of 1962 and the year 1963 was personal, and this personal use represents additional compensation to Hymen during those periods. [3] Held, further, no part of the amount petitioner-corporation reimbursed to petitioner Hymen with respect to a trip to Florida in 1963 was ordinary and necessary expense, and the deduction is accordingly denied. This amount is constructive dividend to Hymen during 1963. [4] Held, further, liquor purchases not proved to be ordinary and necessary expense of petitioner-corporation. Deduction denied and income of petitioner Hymen increased accordingly. Counsel Sydney R. Rubin, for the petitioners. John E. White. for the respondent. MEMORANDUM FINDINGS OF FACT AND OPINION IRWIN, Judge: Respondent determined deficiencies and additions to tax for negligence or intentional disregard of rules and 2 regulations under section 6653(a) as follows:Ipg. 70-8581 2 of 12 8/13/2014 4:14 PM EFTA01204548 Checkpoint I Document hups://checkpointsiag.com/app/view/toolltem?usid=31381N11604&fea... Taxable Docket Year Closed Section 6653(a) No. Petitioner(s) as of Deficiency Addition to Tax 2930-67 H H. Mink S 6-30-63 $5,580,40 $279.02 Son Bag Co., 6-30-64 8,463.54 423.17 Inc. 2931-67 Hymen H. and 12-31-62 3,634.42 544.03 Doris Mink 12-31-63 3,012.41 150.62 2932-67 Mervyn and 12-31-62 1,583.87 79.19 Shirley Mink 12-31-63 600.30 30.02 3 Due to certain concessions made by the parties by stipulations and at trial, the issues remaining for decision are as follows: ocket No. 2930-67 (1.) Whether H. H. Mink & Son Bag Co., Inc. (hereinafter sometimes Mink Bag or petitioner-corporation) during its taxable years ended June 30, 1963, and June 30, 1964, made purchases of merchandise for cash in the amounts of $6,909.80 and $1,622.17, respectively, from the Bleichfeld Bag Company, Inc. (hereinafter sometimes Bleichfeld Bag). (2.) Whether $329.53, part of the cost of a trip to Florida made by Hymen Mink and which was reimbursed to him during the taxable year ended June 30, 1963, is deductible by Ming Bag as an ordinary and necessary business expense. (3.) Whether any part of the alleged deficiency in tax in each year is due to negligence or intentional disregard of rules and regulations. Docket No. 2931-67 (4.) Whether part of the cost of a Florida trip ($329.53) made by petitioner Hymen Mink (hereinafter sometimes Hymen) and paid for by Mink Bag during 1963 constitutes a distribution of dividends to Hymen Mink. (5.) Whether petitioner Hymen made cash withdrawals in the amounts of $2,468.90 and $3,404.36 4 from Mink Bag during the calendar years 1962 and 1963, respectively: and, if answered affirmatively, whether these withdrawals constitute dividends to Hymen in those years. (6.) Whether Hymen's use during 1962 and 1963 of a car owned by Mink Bag was personal, and if so, whether the fair market value of the use of the car should be included in his gross income as additional compensation for each year at issue. (7.) Whether the partnership H. H. Mink & Son Bag Co. (hereinafter sometimes the partnership), in which Hymen had a 50 percent interest, purchased during the first six months of 1962 for $7,011.30 in cash and certain merchandise from Bleichfeld Bag. (8.) Whether a car owned by the partnership was used by the partner during the first six months of 1962 for the conduct of personal affairs. (9.) Whether any part of the alleged underpayment of tax in each year is due to negligence or intentional disregard of rules and regulations. Docket No. 2932-67 3 of 12 8/13/2014 4:14 PM EFTA01204549 Checkpoint I Document hups://checkpointsiag.com/app/view/toolltem?usid=3B8Ify 1604&fea... (10.) Whether petitioner Mervyn Mink (hereinafter sometimes Mervyn) made[pg. 70-859) cash withdrawals in the amounts of $1,111.40 5 and $1,305 from Mink Bag during the calendar years 1962 and 1963, respectively: and, if answered in the affirmative, whether these withdrawals constitute dividends to Mervyn during those years. (11.) Whether the partnership, in which Mervyn had a 50 percent interest, purchased for $7,011.30 in cash certain merchandise from Bleichfeld Bag during the first six months of 1962. (12.) Whether any part of the alleged deficiency in tax in each year is due to negligence or intentional disregard of rules and regulations. FINDINGS OF FACT Some of the facts have been stipulated and are found accordingly. The facts reflected in the exhibits are incorporated herein by reference. H. H. Mink & Son Bag Co., Inc., timely filed U.S. corporation income tax returns for the taxable years ended June 30, 1963, and June 30, 1964, with the district director of internal revenue, Buffalo, N.Y. At the time it filed the petition herein, the principal office and place of business of petitioner-corporation was located in Rochester, N.Y. 6 Petitioners Hymen H. Mink and Doris Mink, husband and wife, filed joint U.S. individual income tax returns for the taxable years 1962 and 1963 with the district director of internal revenue, Buffalo, N.Y. Their legal residence as of the date of the filing of the petition herein was Rochester, N.Y. 6 Petitioners Mervyn Mink and Shirley Mink, husband and wife, filed joint U.S. individual income tax returns for the taxable years 1962 and 1963 with the district director of internal revenue, Buffalo, N.Y. At the time of the filing of the petition herein, they resided in Rochester, N.Y. Benjamin Lipson, an accountant, prepared all income tax returns for petitioners for the periods here involved. Mervyn Mink is Hymen's son. Through June 30, 1962, Hymen and Mervyn were equal partners in H. H. Mink & Son Bag Co., a partnership with its principal office and place of business in the City of Rochester, N.Y. The partnership filed a U.S. partnership return of income for the year 1962, with the district director of internal revenue, Buffalo, N.Y. Said return reflected the operation of the business from January 1, 1962, through June 30, 1962. Effective July 1, 1962, the assets of the partnership were transferred to petitioner-corporation, which thereafter carried on the business formerly conducted by the partnership. Throughout the fiscal years ended June 30, 1963, and June 30, 1964, all the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock in Mink Bag were owned as follows: Hymen H. Mink 50 shares Mervyn Mink 50 shares Moreover, Mervyn and Hymen were the principal officers of Mink Bag, while Howard Weinstein. Hymen's son-in-law, served as plant manager of petitioner-corporation. Both the partnership and Mink Bag kept their books of account and filed their Federal tax returns on the accrual basis of accounting. Hymen, who was born in Russia in 1901. has only a third grade education. He founded the business which subsequently became H. H. Mink & Son Bag Co., Inc., in approximately 1917 when he started peddling rags and 4 of 12 8/13/2014 4:14 PM EFTA01204550 Checkpoint I Document hups://checkpointsiag.com/app/view/toolltem?usid=3B8Ify 1604&fea... papers to rag houses. In the type of business in which Hymen was engaged, merchandise was commonly bought and sold for cash. During the period from January 1, 1962, through June 30, 1964, both the partnership and Mink Bag did business with Bleichfeld Bag Co.. Inc., a corporation with its principal place of business in Buffalo, N.Y. Bleichfeld Bag was organized in about 1955 or 1956 by three brothers, Jacob Bleichfeld (sometimes referred to as Jack and hereinafter sometimes referred to as Jacob), Sol Bleichfeld, and Emmanuel Bleichfeld. During the years at issue, Bleichfeld Bag engaged primarily in the processing, reconditioning and sale of burlap bags. During the years 1962 and 1963 Bleichfeld Bag purchased and had on hand a quantity of "saxoline," a woven paper (pg. 70-8601 material. The saxoline was bought in rolls, some of which was automatically cut and converted by Bleichfeld Bag into cabbage or onion bags, commonly known in the paper and bag industry as misprint bags. Bleichfeld Bag also purchased some used onion and cabbage bags during this same period. Hymen Mink had been acquainted with the three Bleichfeld brothers for approximately 15 years at the time of the trial. Frequently, transactions between Mink Bag and Bleichfeld Bag were arranged via the telephone. Hymen dealt almost exclusively with Jacob Bleichfeld when the two companies were transacting business. The two spoke often on the telephone and saw each other from time to time when Hymen delivered merchandise to Bleichfeld Bag. Bleichfeld Bag purchased $34,638.99 worth of merchandise during the period January 1, 1962, to June 30, 1964, from the petitioner-corporation and the predecessor partnership. Sometime near the close of calendar year 1961, Hymen Mink was approached by Jacob Bleichfeld who offered to sell the Mink enterprise approximately 7,500 misprint onion and cabbage bags that had been made out of saxoline. Hymen first investigated whether there was a market for such bags among the local growers near Elba, N.Y. Upon finding that there was, he agreed to buy the bags, and he also agreed to the condition imposed by Jacob that all purchases by the Mink enterprise of misprint bags from Bleichfeld Bag were to be paid for in cash. During the period January 1, 1962, to June 30, 1964, the partnership and subsequently petitioner-corporation continued to purchase the misprint bags for cash from Bleichfeld Bag. This practice of cash purchases also extended to the purchase of corrugated boxes. However. Jacob refused to issue any type of receipt or invoice to evidence these cash purchases, and he even warned the buyers not to enter these cash transactions into the Mink enterprise's records. Robert Van Hall (hereinafter Van Hall) was employed as a truck driver by Mink Bag and the partnership from May 1961 through May 1966. During the years 1962 and 1963, Van Hall drove to Bleichfeld Bag an average of six or seven times a month, usually for the purpose of delivering merchandise there. More often than not, he would also pick up merchandise at Bleichfeld Bag, which petitioner-corporation or the partnership had purchased. This merchandise ranged from all types of bags, including misprint onion and cabbage bags, to corrugated cartons. Usually Van Hall would bring this merchandise from Bleichfeld Bag back to his employers place of business, but occasionally he delivered bags directly to one or two onion and potato growers in Elba, N.Y. Van Hall never received invoices or bills of lading from Jacob Bleichfeld when he picked up merchandise at Bleichfeld Bag. However, he was able to obtain invoices from the other two Bleichfeld brothers when Jacob was not at Bleichfeld Bag's place of business in Buffalo. The sales represented by these invoices were made between February 1963 and May 1963, during which time Jacob was either hospitalized or convalescing at home from an illness. The sales totaled $842 and consisted entirely of burlap or paper bags, but no saxoline or misprint bags. This invoiced merchandise was 5 of 12 8/13/2014 4:14 PM EFTA01204551 Checkpoint I Document https://checkpoint.riag.com/app/viewItoolltem?usid=31381fqlleb04&fea... paid for by the Mink firm's checks, except for one purchase of $255 which was offset against certain sales to Bleichfeld Bag by Mink Bag. Generally, it was Hymen who made the cash payments to Jacob with respect to the cash purchases in question. When Hymen was on vacation, Mervyn Mink transmitted the cash to Jacob. This occurred upon approximately six or seven occasions during 1962 and 1963. Upon two or three occasions during this same period, Howard Weinstein picked up onion bags and corrugated boxes at Bleichfeld Bag, and once he delivered cash to Bleichfeld Bag as payment toward merchandise purchased there from. A personal file for Hymen was kept by the Mink enterprise which contained memoranda relating to transactions in which he made payments with his own funds for cash purchases and was later reimbursed by Mink Bag or the partnership. These memoranda, for the most part, indicated the type of merchandise purchased for cash, the unit price, quantity, and total price. These memoranda, as well as check stubs relating thereto, were placed into evide e at the trial. Other memoranda relating to checks[pg. 70-861] payable to cash had been misplaced or lost prior to the time of the trial herein. However, check stubs of petitioner-corporation and the predecessor partnership, with respect to these checks payable to cash and which indicated the amounts paid to Bleichfeld Bag, were introduced into evidence. Although petitioner-corporation and the predecessor partnership purchased merchandise for cash from firms other than Bleichfeld Bag during the period at issue, only the purchases from Bleichfeld Bag were disallowed by respondent. In determining the deficiencies herein, respondent reduced the cost of goods sold of the partnership and petitioner- corporation by the amounts of said alleged cash purchases from Bleichfeld Bag. As a result, the partnership income was increased, and this increase in income was determined by respondent to constitute additional income to the two equal partners—Hymen and Mervyn. Respondent also determined that the amounts of said alleged cash purchases by Mink Bag from Bleichfeld Bag constituted dividends to Hymen and Mervyn. The following is respondent's computation of dividend income and partnership income resulting from his adjustments to purchase deductions: Date of Check Name of Amount Dividend Income Check No. Drawer Disallowed Hymen Mervyn 1-25-62 7050 Partnership $1,767.00 2-9-62 7135 1,222.90 4-9-62 7482 2,305.70 6-1-62 7737 1,615.70 6-30-62 7905 100.00 $7,011.30<7> 8-6-62 132 Mink Bag $2,222.80 $1,111.40 $1,111.40 9-6-62 283 " 250.00 250.00 -- 10-18-62 528 " 635.00 317.50 317.50 10-30-62 608 " 270.00 270.00 6 of 12 8/13/2014 4:14 PM EFTA01204552 Checkpoint I Document https://checkpoint.riag.com/app/viewItoolltem?usid=31381fqlleb04&fea... 12-10-62 795 220.00 220.00 12-21-62 883 300.00 300.00 53,897.80<8> $2,468.90 $1,428.90 1-2-63 928 $ 655.00 $ $ 655.00 1-28-63 1047 600.00 300.00 300.00 1-28-63 1118 640.00 640.00 -- 3-8-63 1293 700.00 350.00 350.00 6-14-63 1850 417.00 417.00 -- $3,012.00<8> $1,707.00 $1,305.00 7-30-63 2075 Mink Bag $ 333.75 $ 333.75 $ • N 9-25-63 2311 370.00 370.00 • 10-14-63 2454 267.00 267.00 10-28-63 2452 • 55.00 55.00 11-15-63 2643 • 160.00 160.00 • 12-6-63 2738 280.00 280.00 • 12-27-63 2795 156.42 156.42 $1,622.17<9> $1,622.17 <7>Total adjustment to the purchases deduction of the partnership for the period January 1, 1962, through June 30, 1962. <8>Total adjustments to the purchases deduction of Mink Bag for its taxable year ended June 30, 1963--$6,909.80. <9>Total adjustment to the purchases deduction of Mink Bag for its taxable year ended June 30, 1964. During the years 1962 and 1963, Hymen did not personally own an automobile. However, he had available for both business and personal use a car owned either by the partnership or Mink Bag. Hymen Mink's doctor advised him to start using a car rather than a truck while making deliveries and pickups for [pg. 70-862] petitioner-corporation. Thereafter, Hymen began to drive a Chevrolet station wagon which was owned by petitioner-corporation. During the work week, Hymen commuted to work in this car and used it primarily for business. On week nights and weekends the station wagon was used for Hymen's personal affairs, and it was this car which he drove to Miami Beach where he vacationed vacationed for several weeks in the early part of 1963. Mervyn Mink did not use the station wagon during the period involved. No records as to maintenance costs or mileage were kept by petitioners with respect to the car that Hymen drove during the period involved herein. During 1963, petitioner-corporation allegedly purchased liquor in Florida costing $75.19 for later distribution to customers. Sometime in February 1963, Hymen traveled to Miami Beach for a vacation and did not return until April 7 of 12 8/13/2014 4:14 PM EFTA01204553 Chcckpoint I Document hups://checkpointsiag.com/app/view/toolltem?usid=31381N11604&fea... 1963. Petitioner-corporation in its fiscal year ended June 30,1963, reimbursed Hymen $329.53 for some of the expenses incurred on the Florida trip. Both the liquor purchases and the expenses of the Florida trip were disallowed by respondent as not being ordinary and necessary expenses of the petitioner-corporation and were treated as taxable dividend income to Hymen. OPINION During the first six months of 1962, petitioners, Hymen and Mervyn Mink, were equal partners in the H. H. Mink & Son Bag Co. On its return for this period, the partnership reported a deduction in the amount of $7,011.30 for the cost of bags and cartons which were allegedly purchased for cash from the Bleichfeld Bag Co., Inc. A successor corporation, H. H. Mink & Son Bag Co., Inc., was formed on July 1, 1962, and it also claimed deductions for the cost of merchandise allegedly purchased for cash from Bleichfeld Bag during its taxable year ended June 30,1963. and June 30,1964, in the amounts of $6,909.80 and $1,622.17, respectively. Respondent increased Hymen's and Mervyn's distributive share of the partnership income by the amount of the alleged cash purchases from Bleichfeld Bag and disallowed the deduction by petitioner-corporation in each year with respect to the cost of the alleged cash purchases. This latter amount was treated as dividend income to Hymen and Mervyn. Hymen did not own a car during the years 1962 and 1963. However, he had available for either business or personal 10 use a car owned either by the partnership or by petitioner-corporation. The partnership reported a deduction for the cost of operating the car driven by Hymen, which cost respondent maintains was a personal living expense and not an ordinary and necessary business expense. Respondent contends that the partnership income for the first six months of 1962 should be increased by the amount of the fair rental value of the car, and that Hymen received additional income from petitioner-corporation in each of the calendar years 1962 and 1963 because of the unlimited personal use of the car owned by Mink Bag during that period. Hymen traveled on vacation to Florida sometime in February 1963 and did not return until April 1963. Petitioner- corporation deducted $329.53, a part of the cost of this Florida trip which it had reimbursed to Hymen, on its tax return for the taxable year ended June 30, 1963. Respondent disallowed this deduction as not being an ordinary and necessary expense and allocated the amount deducted to Hymen as the distribution of a dividend. Respondent also included as a dividend to Hymen the cost ($75.19) of liquor purchased by petitioner-corporation alleged What is interesting and also problematic is that the agent did not look at the company expenditures for the auto and seek to disallow (or addback) a proportion of the expenditures but 1.0 instead sought to use FMV of the fringe benefit provided. It is entirely possible that an arms length rental may be greater than the expenditure which would result in a whipsaw for the Since taxpayer = Rental addback > than tax deduction. of merchandise from the Bleichfeld Bag Co., Inc.. during the periods involved herein, we shall first direct our attention to that question. We feel it appropriate to note at the outset that we find no merit in petitioners' contention that respondent's disallowance of these cash purchases was arbitrary and capricious. Respondent acted reasonably in disallowing those purchases for cash which were substantial[pg. 70-863) in amount and not carefully or adequately documented. This alone is not to say. however, that the statutory notices are, in fact, correct. With this in mind, we will proceed to our discussion of these disallowed cash purchases. The partnership and petitioner-corporation reported the alleged cost of the merchandise purchased for cash from Footnote 10 - Judge could nt tell what was deducted so rather than reduce deduction the logic increases for increasing income 8 of 12 8/13/2014 4:14 PM EFTA01204554  I Checkpoint Document hups://checkpoint.riag.com/app/view/toolltem?usid=31381N11604&fea... Bleichfeld Bag as part of the cast of goods sold and claimed deductions therefor. Respondent disallowed these claimed deductions on the groun that petitioners failed to substantiate that such purchases were in fact made. It is noted that cash purchases from sources other than Bleichfeld Bag were allowed by respondent. Respondent contends that petitioners have not sustained their burden of proving that any merchandise was purchased for cash from Bleichfeld Bag during the period at issue. He asserts that the only evidence in support of petitioners, other than some self-serving memoranda and documents, is the "vague ambiguous, misleading and oft-times contradictory" testimony of Hymen and Mervyn. Although Howard Weinstein, Hymen's son-in-law, and Robert Van Hall, both employees of the partnership and petitioner-corporation during the years involved herein, also testified, respondent on brief attempted to discredit their testimony as also vague and, at times, contradictory. Since Hymen and Mervyn are interested witnesses, respondent would have us totally discredit their testimony as self-serving and utterly unworthy of belief. We cannot agree with respondent. We have considered every detail of the record in this case and have exercised great care in evaluating the inconsistencies in some of the details of the testimony of petitioners and their witnesses. However, we are unable to conclude that their testimony is unworthy of belief. It is not within our province to disregard arbitrarily the uncontradicted, unimpeached, competent and relevant testimony of a taxpayer. Banks v. Commissioner. LI 322 F.2d 530 CI 12 AFTR 2d 5558] (CA. 8, 1963), reversing and remanding on another issue a Memorandum Opinion of this Court; Jay A. Williams, 228 T.C. 1000 (1957); Arthur N. Blum, flu T.C. 101 (1948), affd. 183 F.2d 281 (D 39 AFTR 665) (C.A. 3, 1950). Respondent contends, however, that the testimony of Jacob Bleichfeld denying the cash purchases is affirmative proof casting doubt on the testimony of petitioners and their witnesses. Therefore, he argues, the taxpayers' testimony in this case stands contradicted. We do not accept this contention because we entertain very serious doubts as to the credibility of Jacob Bleichfeld, whose testimony was, to say the least, voluble and evasive. His demeanor in testifying created in us grave misgivings as to his sincerity, and we were left with the distinct impression that he was coloring the material facts to which he testified. See Quock Ting v. United States, 140 U.S. 417 (1891). Having considered all this in determining the weight to be accorded his testimony, we conclude that it is Jacob Bleichfeld who is unworthy of belief. There being no affirmative proof casting doubt on petitioners' testimony, we have carefully weighed the testimony of petitioners and their witnesses, together with the supporting evidence in the record, and we conclude that petitioners have overcome the presumptive correctness of respondent's deficiency notices with regard to cash purchases from Bleichfeld Bag. Arthur N. Blum, supra. Having decided that the partnership and petitioner-corporation did purchase for cash certain merchandise from Bleichfeld Bag, we must now determine the amount of said purchases. A personal file was maintained by the Mink enterprise on transaction in which Hymen used his own cash for purchases and was later reimbursed. Memoranda relating to these cash transactions and reflecting the type of merchandise acquired, the unit price, quantity, and total price were introduced into evidence. These memoranda consisted for the most part of slips of paper upon which the above-mentioned information was jotted down. These slips of paper accounted for only $4,892.07 of the total $15,543.27 in cash purchases which the Mink enterprise made from Bleichfeld Bag during the period beginning January 1, 1962, and ending June 30, 1964. Hymen and Mervyn Mink testified that memoranda reflecting the other cash purchases had been lost or misplaced prior to trial. However, the check stubs relating thereto showed that the payee was Bleichfeld Bag and that the payments were for cash purchases therefrom. (pg. 70-864] We have no reason to doubt their testimony and, in view of the relatively informal manner in which Hymen and Mervyn conducted the 9 of 12 8/13/2014 4:14 PM EFTA01204555 Checkpoint I Document hups://checkpointsiag.com/app/view/toolltem?usid=31381fq11604&fea... affairs of the Mink enterprise, we do not find this explanation so improbable as to warrant our rejecting it. Accordingly, we hold that petitioner-corporation and the predecessor partnership were entitled to deduct the total $15,543.27 in cash purchases which the Mink enterprise made from Bleichfeld Bag during the period beginning January 1, 1962, and ending June 30, 1964. 2. Allocation of Income In view of the fact that we have held above that the petitioners have sustained their burden of proof as to $15,543.27 in purchases which the partnership and petitioner-corporation made from Bleichfeld Bag, it follows that there is no additional income to be allocated to Hymen and Mervyn as a result of these purchases. 3. Miscellaneous Expenses The remaining issues for consideration concern the Florida trip, the liquor purchases and the automobile expenses. a. Florida Trip Petitioners contend that Hymen used during its taxable year ended June 30, 1963, in connection with a trip which Hymen made to Florida around February 1963. It claimed this amount as an ordinary and necessary business expense under section 162. Hymen testified that he traveled to Florida every year for a vacation and that during his 1963 sojourn he made some business contacts in Florida. He did identify several companies that he contacted while there, but these companies were either already customers of the Mink enterprise or did not become so until several years after the years at issue herein. There was no indication given as to the amount of time involved in making these contacts. Because of the vague testimony on this point, we hold that petitioner-corporation failed to prove how much of the cost of Hymen's trip was attributable to its business, and, therefore, the deduction for this trip is denied. Accordingly, we hold that the cost of the trip ($329.53) represents a constructive dividend to Hymen. See 58th Street Plaza Theatre, Inc., C16 T.C. 469 (1951), affd.i: 195 F.2d 724 41 AFTR 1130] (C.A. 2, 1952), certiorari denied 344 U.S. 820 (1952). b. Liquor Purchases Hymen and Mervyn both testified, as did Howard Weinstein, that Hymen purchased liquor from time to time for distribution to customers, usually around holidays. A check stub for check number 936 was introduced into evidence and revealed that the check was payable to "Miller Liquor Store" for "Liquor Xmas Gifts." However, there was no testimony as to this check stub and, except for the coincidence of the amount involved ($75.19), we do not know whether the check stub was for liquor gifts to customers of petitioner-corporation or to friends of Hymen and Mervyn. On the whole, the testimony with respect to the alleged liquor purchases was so general and vague that we are constrained to find that petitioner Hymen has not sustained his burden of proof as to this item, and, therefore, this amount is a constructive dividend to him in 1963. c. Auto Expenses Respondent increased the income of the partnership for the taxable year ended June 30, 1962, in the amount of $870 10 of 12 8/13/2014 4:14 PM EFTA01204556 Checkpoint I Document hups://checkpoint.riag.com/app/view/toolltem?usid=31381fq11604&fea... because of the "the personal operation of an automobile by a partner." He then allocated the alleged increased partnership income equally between Hymen and Mervyn. With respect to the last six months of 1962 and all of 1963, respondent increased Hymen's income in the amounts of $870 and $1,740, respectively, on the basis that petitioner-corporation was providing Hymen with an automobile solely for his personal use. Carl Telban, the revenue agent who examined petitioners' returns, testified that, in view of the fact that no records as to maintenance costs or mileage were retained by petitioners, the amount of the additional income was the fair rental value of a car comparable to that used by Hymen and was determined as a result of an inquiry made of an automobile leasing company. Rental value used when taxpayer had inadequate records , Petitioner-corporation paid $329.53 the car owned y nie partnership or petmoner-corporaTion aunng me penoa aT issue primarily for business use. Upon carefully evaluating the testimony of Hymen and Mervyn with respect to the auto expenses, and bearing in mind that (pg. 70-865) respect to this issue, we find that Hymen's business use of the car constituted 60 percent of the total use thereof during each of the years 1962 and 1963. Accordingly, the partnership income should be increased by $348 for the first six months of 1962, and half of this amount should be allocated to each of the equal partners—Hymen and Mervyn. With respect to the last six months of 1962, Hymen received additional income totaling $348, whereas he received $696 in additional compensation during 963, which was attributable to his personal use of petitioner-corporation's car. 40% or rental value added back Petitioner Mervyn argues that only the income of Hymen should be increased with respect to the tatters use of the partnership's car during the first six months of 1962 because it was he alone who used the car. We do not doubt that partners can arrange and change from time to time the partnership shares to which each will be entitled, and that the tax consequences then follow the new agreement. Leff v. Commissioner. D 235 F.2d 439 49 AFTR 1747) (CA. 2, 1956), affirming a Memorandum Opinion of this Court. However, no evidence has been presented to us which indicates any rearrangement of the partners' interests in H.H. H. Mink & Son Bag Co., and, therefore, we cannot sustain Mervyn on this point. 4. Additions to Tax Under Section 6653(a) Respondent conceded on brief that if we determine that the monies withdrawn by Hymen and Mervyn were, in fact, used to purchase merchandise from Bleichfeld Bag, then none of the petitioners is liable for the five percent addition to tax under the provisions of section 6653(a). Since we have held that cash purchases were in fact made from Bleichfeld Bag, we hold that none of the petitioners is liable for the addition to tax under section 6653(a). In order to reflect the concessions of the parties and the conclusions of the parties and the conclusion reached herein, Decisions will be entered under Rule 50. The following proceedings are consolidated herewith: Hymen H. Mink and Doris Mink, docket No. 2931-67; and Mervyn and Shirley Mink, docket No. 2932-67. 11 of 12 8/13/2014 4:14 PM EFTA01204557 Checkpoint I Document hups://checkpointsiag.com/app/viewitoolltem?usid=3 B8 II NI 604&fea... All statutory references are to the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, unless otherwise indicated. 3 In an attempt to clarify the confusion resulting from the record and respondents brief as to the concession of one item in particular, we note that at the conclusion of the trial respondent conceded the disallowance of "so-called liquor purchases to the extent of $325.93" for 1962. In fact, this item involved expenses of a Florida trip made by Hymen Mink in early 1963. Respondent did disallow $329.53 attributable to this trip. Therefore, respondent's concession for 1962 remedied the duplicate disallowance of the same item. On brief, respondent stated that the determination made with regard to the dividend income of petitioner Hymen Mink for the taxable year 1962 is erroneous to the extent of $325.93 because there was a disallowance of a similar item in 1963. However, we feel that there was a transpositional error made in the transcript because respondent requests a finding of a dividend to Hymen Mink in 1962 in the amount of $2,468.90, rather than $2,798.43 which is the amount set forth in the statutory notice. The difference is $329.53, not $325.93. 4 Respondent alleged cash withdrawals of $3,407.96 during 1963. However, a $3.60 error was made by respondent in computing the amount of cash withdrawals during 1963 which is attributable to the concession he made at trial. See footnote 3, supra. 5 Respondent conceded on brief $317.50 as not constituting dividends to Mervyn during the calendar year 1962. 6 Doris Mink and Shirley Mink are parties solely by virtue of their having signed the income tax returns for the years at issue. 6 Doris Mink and Shirley Mink are parties solely by virtue of their having signed the income tax returns for the years at issue. 10 The amount deducted was not ascertainable from the evidence presented. END OF DOCUMENT - CO 2014 Thomson Reuters/Tax & Accounting. All Rights Reserved. 12 of 12 8/13/2014 4:14 PM EFTA01204558