Happy new year + climate piece

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Mr Podesta , Warm wishes for the new year! Hope you enjoyed some rest before what will undoubtedly be a remarkably busy year. Also wanted to share a perspective I put together on India's negotiating stance on climate change http://scroll.in/article/801531/proactive-beyond-paris-why-india-needs-a-to-take-a-leadership-role-on-climate-change-negotiations-in-2016 Would love your thoughts! All the best for the upcoming challenges - all power to TeamHillary! Warm regards, Varad On Sunday, 4 October 2015, Varad Pande <[email protected]> wrote: > Dear Mr Podesta, > Hope you are well. It must be an incredibly busy time for you, but wanted > to share the attached piece- it is inspired by what I learnt on the High > Level Panel observing you, Prof Banerjee and others. > All the best for the coming months. > Warm personal regards, > Varad > > > > https://www.devex.com/news/creating-the-climate-for-action-lessons-from-the-un-global-goals-process-87020 > > > - GLOBAL VIEWS <https://www.devex.com/global-views> > > *SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS > <https://www.devex.com/news/search?query%5B%5D=Sustainable+Development+Goals>* > Creating the climate for action: Lessons from the UN global goals process > *By Sonila Cook <https://www.devex.com/news/authors/1152508>, Varad Pande > <https://www.devex.com/news/authors/1152509> *01 October 2015 > It took more than four years and skillful backroom negotiation to get to > this week’s victory — the ratification of the next global development > agenda, the Global Goals for Sustainable Development, that will guide the > world for the next 15 years. This achievement is worthy of celebration and > offers hope for the next set of international negotiations that have been > nearly 20 years in the making — the upcoming climate talks in Paris. > > If the path to the global goals was pocked with small potholes, however, > the road to a climate agreement is lined with deep craters. Addressing > climate change will be even more difficult than agreeing on the 17 global > goals, as climate change raises complicated questions: Who is responsible > for action? Who pays? Underpinning these questions are charged debates > around the right to develop versus the right to pollute. > > Yet the global goals and climate change negotiations are inextricably > linked — the lives and livelihoods of those living in poverty are at the > core of both. Failing in Paris would undermine the nascent global goals and > development writ large. Thankfully, we’ve learned important lessons in > gaining consensus around the global goals. > > Here are four learnings from the global goals that the climate change > process should incorporate in the run up to the 21st session of the > Conference of the Parties in Paris and beyond: > 1. Combine top-down with bottom-up. > > Unlike the Millennium Development Goals, which were constructed in > proverbial “smoke-filled rooms” by experts and then put to United Nations > member states to adopt, the global goals process was more bottom-up, driven > by member states. > > Representatives from 70 countries made up the open working group leading > to the post-2015 draft agenda and each brought their on-the-ground > realities to the conversation and recognized that their countries would be > responsible for taking forward their recommendations. In little more than a > year they published the final draft with 17 suggested global goals. The > final goals and targets emerged from this bottom-up process. > > On the other hand, climate change negotiations have been impeded by a > mostly top-down approach. Fortunately this is changing as climate change > negotiations move to a more hybrid framing with top-down global goals and > measurement framework coupled with bottom-up contributions from countries. > This is a welcome shift — the global goals experience has demonstrated that > bringing in a bottom-up approach is tenable and pragmatic. But bottom-up > should not become a race to the bottom. These bottom-up contributions need > to be measurably standardized (different countries are currently putting > forward different types of contributions) and gradually pressure must be > applied on countries to ratchet up commitments needed to achieve the goal > of limiting climate change to a 2 degree Celsius rise. How to do this? > Perhaps institute a formal “reflect and review” mechanism every few years > to encourage countries to increase the ambition of their contributions. > 2. Balance inclusivity with deal-making. > > The global goals built on contributions from a broad array of > stakeholders, with a strong emphasis on inclusivity throughout the > negotiation process. Ultimately, it was the member states that inked the > final details, but leadership by civil society stakeholders such as ONE > <http://www.one.org/us/>, which crowd-sourced the public voice on the > global goals, and the U.N. Foundation > <https://www.devex.com/news/creating-the-climate-for-action-lessons-from-the-un-global-goals-process-87020>, > which consulted civil society representatives in different regions, was a > critical component. This level of inclusivity in the process seems to be > missing from the climate change negotiations, and could bring great value. > > Inclusivity does, however, make it harder to make trade-offs, as the > global goals’ many goals and targets (17 and 169, respectively) > demonstrate. While the climate change negotiations must bring in this > inclusivity to generate buy-in, the more complex give-and-take nature of > climate negotiations requires balancing that inclusivity with opportunistic > deal-making to arrive at an agreement. This has yielded impact in the past > — for example, the now famous US-BASIC country meeting at COP15 in > Copenhagen in 2009, where the informal negotiation between President Barack > Obama and the heads of states of Brazil, South Africa, India, and China set > the stage for the Copenhagen Accord. > 3. Have strong political champions. > > The global goals proved that public champions are crucial, especially > early in the process. The U.N. secretary-general bolstered the profile of > the Global Goals process through the inspired use of highly visible panels, > such as the Global Sustainability Panel, and the High Level Panel on the > post-2015 Development Agenda co-chaired by President Susilo Bambang > Yudhoyono of Indonesia, President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf of Liberia, and > U.K. Prime Minister David Cameron. The participation of influential > political figures, academics, and private-sector leaders on the post-2015 > panel infused fresh ideas, captivated public attention and concentrated > political will around the need for ambitious global goals. While the panel > was initially regarded with some suspicion by member states, it proved an > invaluable pre-cursor to the open working group’s draft — both as a source > of expertise, and to anchor the discussion at a high level of ambition. > > Recognizing that the Paris COP21 will serve as a — hopefully fruitful — > starting point rather than a final resolution, there is still room to > launch a substantive discussion on the intractable topics that will > continue to remain beyond Paris, such as practical means of raising > ambition, ensuring implementation, technology cooperation, channeling > finance, harnessing markets, etc. How about a panel of experts appointed by > the secretary-general to take the COP21 agreement forward by drafting a > road map for 2016-2020, within six months, for member states consideration? > Member states would clearly have the final say, but the panel could put on > the table a range of pragmatic yet ambitious proposals. > 4. Make steady progress. > > The road to agreement on the global goals was difficult, but there was > steady progress with minivictories along the way. Climate negotiations need > several such minivictories. The reality is that our choice in Paris is not > between a great agreement and a weak agreement, but between a weak > agreement and none at all. In our opinion, a weak agreement would be an > important victory. A weak agreement — with all key stakeholders involved > providing firm (even if relatively unambitious) commitments and agreeing on > a road map, will at least provide a framework and a starting point from > which to build upon. The review mechanism mentioned earlier can then allow > the factoring in, on a regular basis, of our continually evolving reality, > the latest advances in science and technologies, etc. > > While we celebrate the formalization of the next generation of development > goals, we need to recognize the tenuous nature of this success. Important > negotiations lie just ahead and the climate talks in Paris are too > important to fail. By centering on sustainability, the global goals mark a > giant leap forward. Paris will demonstrate whether political leaders are > truly committed to that sustainability and able to turn the global goals’ > momentum into actual progress. > > The world community has shown tremendous resolve in formalizing the next > generation of development goals. Paris will the next litmus test. > > *Check back on our **live coverage of New York Global Dev week here > <https://pages.devex.com/new-york-global-dev-week.html>**, follow**@Devex > <https://twitter.com/devex>** and join the conversation using **#GlobalGoalsLive > <https://twitter.com/search?f=tweets&vertical=default&q=%23globalgoalslive&src=typd>**. > Devex's independent coverage is supported by **Every Woman Every Child > <https://www.devex.com/en/organizations/every-woman-every-child-initiative/>** in > partnership with **Johnson & Johnson > <https://www.devex.com/en/organizations/johnson-johnson/>**.* > About the authors > [image: Varad%2520pande%2520%25e2%2580%2593%2520dalberg%2520headshot] > Varad Pande <https://www.devex.com/news/authors/1152509> > > Varad Pande is an associate partner in the Mumbai office of Dalberg, a > strategic advisory firm dedicated to global development. Before coming to > Dalberg, he was special adviser to India’s Minister for Rural Development > and Environment and Forests, where he drove the agenda on sustainable > livelihoods, water and sanitation, financial inclusion, environment, and > climate change. > [image: Sonila%2520cook%2520%25e2%2580%2593%2520dalberg%2520headshot] > Sonila Cook <https://www.devex.com/news/authors/1152508> > > Sonila Cook is a partner at Dalberg, a strategic advisory firm dedicated > to global development. Prior to joining Dalberg, Sonila worked for McKinsey > & Company, where she served organizations in the financial and media > industries and the non-profit sector. She holds an MBA from Columbia > University and a bachelor's degree in economics from Harvard University. > ------------------------------ > > >