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[00:00:05] Wes Huff, welcome to the show. It's a [00:00:08] pleasure to be here. [00:00:09] >> It's a pleasure to have you, man. At [00:00:11] breakfast this morning, we realized it's [00:00:12] been almost one year exactly since we [00:00:15] made contact and we're trying to get [00:00:17] you. So, [00:00:18] >> long time coming. [00:00:19] >> Yeah. Yeah. I'm glad I'm glad it came to [00:00:21] fruition. [00:00:22] >> Me, too. Me, too. But um so I want to [00:00:25] give I want to start you off with an [00:00:26] introduction here just [00:00:30] Wes Huff born in Molton Pakistan. You [00:00:33] spent part of your childhood in the [00:00:35] Middle East surrounded by Islam and [00:00:37] other world views and overcame a rare [00:00:40] condition as a kid that left you [00:00:41] temporarily paralyzed without medical [00:00:43] explanation. I call that a miracle. Now [00:00:47] you're the vice president of Apologetics [00:00:49] Canada, where you equip people with [00:00:51] answers to tough questions about [00:00:52] scripture, history, and faith. A [00:00:55] Canadian Christian apologist, reformed [00:00:58] Baptist theologian, and one of the [00:01:00] sharpest voices defending historical [00:01:02] reliability [00:01:04] of the Bible and our Christian faith. [00:01:06] You approach skeptics with clarity, [00:01:08] grace, and rockolid evidence, making the [00:01:11] case that the Bible isn't just a book of [00:01:13] faith. It's the most scrutinized and [00:01:15] preserved text in human history. A [00:01:18] father to four, husband to Melissa, and [00:01:21] most importantly, you're a Christian. [00:01:24] Thanks for being here. So, uh, everybody [00:01:27] that comes on the show gets a gift. [00:01:30] >> Okay, [00:01:30] >> so we got you a couple. [00:01:32] >> Okay, [00:01:32] >> first one, [00:01:35] Vigilance League gummy bears. [00:01:37] >> Awesome. [00:01:38] >> Made in the USA. It's just candy. [00:01:40] They're legal in all 50 states and legal [00:01:42] in Canada. I'm pretty sure. So, uh, it's [00:01:45] just candy. Amazing. And then [00:01:49] >> I got some buddies over at SIG. One of [00:01:51] them happens to be the VP of marketing. [00:01:53] His name's Jason. [00:01:54] >> Okay. [00:01:55] >> And, uh, I told him you were coming on. [00:01:57] He got all excited. [00:01:58] >> Oh, man. [00:01:58] >> So, we thought you might like this. [00:02:00] We're not sure how you're going to get [00:02:01] that back to Canada, but we'll help you [00:02:03] figure it out. [00:02:03] >> Oh my goodness, Sean. [00:02:04] >> So, [00:02:05] >> okay. Explain to me what I'm looking at. [00:02:07] >> All right. You're looking at a 6 hour [00:02:10] P365 Legion. [00:02:12] >> Okay, [00:02:13] >> so that is a carry. That's a an everyday [00:02:16] carry gun. [00:02:17] >> Okay, [00:02:18] >> it takes 17 rounds in the magazine plus [00:02:20] one in the pipe for 18. That's their new [00:02:22] optics line. They put those little slits [00:02:25] in the in the front to help with uh [00:02:27] recoil management. I'm not sure what's [00:02:30] legal and what's illegal in Canada. So, [00:02:32] we're going to figure that out and we're [00:02:33] going to get you [00:02:34] >> Yeah, we might need to get creative, but [00:02:36] >> as close to that as we can, [00:02:37] >> man. That's awesome. [00:02:39] >> That's awesome. Thank you so much. [00:02:40] >> Hey, you're welcome. [00:02:41] >> Are you a shooter? [00:02:43] >> Uh, I have Sean. Yeah. [00:02:44] >> Perfect. [00:02:45] >> Yeah. So, that's amazing. I really [00:02:47] appreciate that. [00:02:48] >> My pleasure. [00:02:49] >> Yeah. I got a couple things for you. [00:02:51] >> Oh, really? [00:02:51] >> Yeah. So, we're going to we're going to [00:02:53] be trading. So, um, the first one I want [00:02:56] to give you is, so my friends, uh, over [00:02:58] at Dawson Blades, uh, which is a forge [00:03:02] that I hooked up with, [00:03:03] >> uh, not that long ago, we collaborated [00:03:05] on making a series of historically [00:03:08] accurate with a modern twist [00:03:10] >> blades named after early Christians who [00:03:13] were influential individuals in the [00:03:15] faith. So, this is a recreation of a [00:03:17] Roman Puio dagger [00:03:19] >> that uh, we're calling the Irenaeus. [00:03:23] And so he was a he was an early church [00:03:25] father, very prominent individual who [00:03:26] wrote a series of uh writings called [00:03:29] Against Heresies, wrote against guys [00:03:31] like the Gnostics and why they they were [00:03:34] off base. And so this is the second in [00:03:36] our series. We have one out called the [00:03:38] Augustine. This just launched this [00:03:40] month. Um and that is a size accurate [00:03:44] historical [00:03:46] modern kind of twist on what a Roman [00:03:50] centurion would have carried in the [00:03:51] first century. This is awesome. [00:03:55] Wow. Thank you. [00:03:57] >> Yeah. Yeah. And I also have for you, [00:04:00] >> beautiful, a page from a 1576 [00:04:05] Geneva Bible. [00:04:06] >> Oh. [00:04:07] >> So that's [00:04:08] >> what year? 1576. [00:04:10] So the the first Bible that was brought [00:04:14] over to the United States by the pilgrim [00:04:16] was the Geneva Bible. Most people think [00:04:17] it's the King James Bible. So, King [00:04:18] James Bibles were brought over, but the [00:04:20] Geneva Bible was actually the Bible of [00:04:23] the Puritans um because they considered [00:04:25] the King James uh a a state developed [00:04:30] Bible [00:04:30] >> really. [00:04:31] >> And so when they came over, they brought [00:04:32] Geneva Bibles. And so that that's one of [00:04:35] the the first they started printing I [00:04:38] believe in 1560 and then that's the 1576 [00:04:41] one which was their kind of second [00:04:43] round. [00:04:44] >> Man, this is Thank you. [00:04:46] >> Yeah, of course. It's getting framed and [00:04:48] putting in here, put in the studio. [00:04:50] Thank this is Wow. [00:04:53] This leaf is guaranteed to be an [00:04:54] original fromif from a 1576 Geneva Bible [00:04:58] printed in London by Christopher Barker. [00:05:01] The first year Geneva Bibles were [00:05:03] printed in England was 1576. [00:05:07] That's amazing. [00:05:08] >> There you go. [00:05:08] >> Thank you. [00:05:15] >> All right, Wes. So, we're going to do a [00:05:18] little bit of a life story, talk a lot [00:05:19] about um a lot of the research you've [00:05:22] done, and uh but first, I woke up in uh [00:05:25] in a weird mood today and uh had a had a [00:05:29] had an interesting conversation with my [00:05:31] wife [00:05:32] >> uh this morning. And so, [00:05:35] last last week was a rough week of [00:05:37] interviews. We had a interview about all [00:05:40] of the Epstein stuff going on and you [00:05:43] know politics right now and that's [00:05:45] always a dark dark place to be. And then [00:05:48] the another interview that we had last [00:05:51] week was uh Elizabeth Phillips [00:05:54] >> whose brother was um molested at at a at [00:05:59] Camp Canakook, one of the biggest [00:06:01] Christian camps in the world. And after [00:06:03] she dug in, uh, allegedly there's been [00:06:06] thousands of kids abused. [00:06:08] >> And I woke up, I just whenever I do [00:06:10] these, um, [00:06:12] uncover some this kind of stuff that's [00:06:14] going on with kids, Epstein, that camp. [00:06:17] I mean, we've done a lot of them, it [00:06:19] just it it, um, [00:06:22] it really throws me into a thing, you [00:06:24] know, that um, [00:06:26] >> why is this happening? [00:06:28] And it make it just man it just it like [00:06:31] reopens all the questions that I used to [00:06:34] have before I really came to Christ [00:06:36] about 3 years ago. And [00:06:40] you know and and I don't even know how [00:06:42] to organize all my thoughts. I thought I [00:06:44] had them all organized before we started [00:06:45] this but I don't. [00:06:47] I it basically where the conversation [00:06:50] ended is what what is what you know if [00:06:54] what is the point of living like a [00:06:56] Christian [00:06:57] >> if [00:06:59] you know the the the common thing that I [00:07:01] find in Christianity is really all you [00:07:03] have to do is believe to go to heaven. [00:07:06] And so, you know, [00:07:10] I grew up Catholic, joined the SEAL [00:07:12] teams, pretty much lost my faith for [00:07:14] about 14, 15, maybe 20 years, and then [00:07:18] uh came back about 3 years ago, had a a [00:07:21] very profound experience in Sedona. [00:07:24] But [00:07:26] you know, and so through my journey, you [00:07:29] know, I've been talking to people like [00:07:31] you and Lee Strobble and John Burke and [00:07:33] and and priests and [00:07:35] >> um Father Rehill that lives down in Col [00:07:38] just just 45 minutes away and and and [00:07:40] I'm I'm learning from all of you guys a [00:07:42] tremendous amount. But, you know, I'll [00:07:45] bring up John Burke, for example. John [00:07:46] has researched, [00:07:48] I think, around 1,500 near-death [00:07:51] experiences all throughout the world, [00:07:53] different religions, different [00:07:55] countries, different ethnic ethnicities, [00:07:58] different everything. And what he does [00:07:59] is he finds all the commonalities of [00:08:02] these near-death experiences and relates [00:08:04] them all to Christ. H [00:08:08] now [00:08:10] in his studies sometimes he talks about [00:08:13] people will go to hell and they'll have [00:08:15] a hellish near-death experience where [00:08:18] they where they where they die on the [00:08:20] operating table or or wherever and then [00:08:23] they wind up in hell [00:08:25] >> and Jesus is there basically saying you [00:08:28] know [00:08:30] do you accept me as Lord and Savior? [00:08:32] Yes. Boom. out of hell into heaven, you [00:08:35] know, and and [00:08:38] I was a lot more upset this morning, so [00:08:39] it would it would have would have flowed [00:08:41] a lot better. But kind of the point [00:08:44] being is it's it's hard to live as a [00:08:46] Christian. It's hard to do the right [00:08:48] thing. It's hard to admit you're wrong. [00:08:50] It's hard to say, "I'm sorry." It's hard [00:08:53] to not lie, cheat, steal, screw people [00:08:58] over to get what you want. it would [00:09:00] probably be a lot easier to get what you [00:09:02] want, get to your goals in life if you [00:09:04] didn't live as a Christian. [00:09:07] And so, you know, kind of my point here [00:09:10] is is [00:09:13] if you can go through life a [ __ ] [00:09:16] not being a Christian, lie, cheat, [00:09:18] steal, kill, [00:09:20] >> adultery, what, break every one of the [00:09:22] ten commandments all the time, [00:09:24] >> and then you die [00:09:26] >> and you are in hell, but you still have [00:09:29] that one last chance that says, "Hey, do [00:09:31] you accept me as Lord and Savior?" Yes. [00:09:34] then what what is the point [00:09:37] >> of playing it out every day and [00:09:41] is a Christian? [00:09:44] Yeah. I mean, I think there's probably [00:09:47] two components to that question. One is [00:09:49] a a very, you know, I think honest [00:09:54] assessment of what's typically called [00:09:56] the problem of evil. Um, [00:09:59] and I think that totally makes sense. [00:10:01] And I think if you don't feel those [00:10:03] things, you're probably not living your [00:10:05] life in the real world. In that we see [00:10:09] that this world is beautiful, yet it's [00:10:12] profoundly broken. And that's the that's [00:10:16] the testimony of scripture ultimately is [00:10:18] that God created the world to be good, [00:10:21] but something took place. We know deep [00:10:24] down that the world is not meant to be [00:10:27] like this. People aren't meant to die [00:10:30] prematurely. Children aren't meant to be [00:10:32] abused. People aren't meant to get [00:10:34] cancer. And we know that there's [00:10:37] something wrong. And there's there's [00:10:41] this [00:10:43] this, you know, gut feeling that we get. [00:10:46] And ultimately, I I think it's Jesus who [00:10:48] puts that gut feeling there. I I think [00:10:51] the fact that we understand that evil is [00:10:54] something speaks to the fact that there [00:10:56] is an objective evil to be outbalanced [00:10:59] by an objective good. Cuz in one sense [00:11:03] there's this understanding that if you [00:11:05] subjectivize evil then we can say we [00:11:08] don't like those things that that they [00:11:12] they really you know shouldn't happen. [00:11:15] But to say that that we need to stop [00:11:18] them, that these are objectively evil is [00:11:22] actually admitting that there's some [00:11:23] sort of moral law. And a moral law needs [00:11:26] a moral lawgiver. And so ultimately, I [00:11:29] talked to a lot of people who almost [00:11:31] assume that taking God out of the [00:11:32] picture solves the problem. I think it [00:11:34] actually makes it more complicated. It [00:11:36] makes it more complicated because now [00:11:38] you're you've removed the objective [00:11:39] standard by which to actually say [00:11:41] something is truly objectively evil. [00:11:46] And there's there's something that's [00:11:48] unique about the Christian worldview in [00:11:50] the question of [00:11:53] pain and suffering and evil in that the [00:11:57] God of the Bible describes himself. [00:12:00] There's this really great instance in [00:12:02] Exodus where Moses, he's up on Mount Si [00:12:06] and he says, you know, I I I want to see [00:12:09] you, God, but God says, you know, I'm [00:12:12] I'm too great. I'm going to put you in [00:12:14] the cleft of a rock. I'm going to pass [00:12:15] by and you're just going to kind of see [00:12:17] a snippet of me. But God describes [00:12:20] himself as a God who is as Exodus 34:6. [00:12:25] He's compassionate. He's gracious. He's [00:12:28] merciful. And he's overabounding in [00:12:30] steadfast love and kindness. And there [00:12:32] are different iterations of that [00:12:33] particular description of who God is [00:12:35] throughout the Bible, throughout the [00:12:37] Psalms, throughout the prophets. In [00:12:39] fact, if you read the book of Jonah, [00:12:40] it's actually Jonah's beef with God. He [00:12:42] doesn't want to go to Nineveh and preach [00:12:44] repentance. And at the very end, he [00:12:46] says, "I didn't want to come here [00:12:47] because I hate the Ninevites. And I knew [00:12:49] that you are a God who is compassionate, [00:12:52] that you're overabounding in steadfast [00:12:53] love and kindness, and that you're true [00:12:55] to your word, and if they repented, you [00:12:56] would forgive them." I didn't want that [00:12:58] to happen, right? His beef is that [00:12:59] actually God is too good. But I think [00:13:02] what's interesting about all of the [00:13:03] common denominators within that sort of [00:13:06] description of who God is, despite the [00:13:08] differences, is that it all includes [00:13:11] some version of what we would translate [00:13:13] as the English word compassion. [00:13:16] And compassion in English comes from two [00:13:17] Latin words. Calm meaning with and [00:13:19] passion meaning suffering. And I think [00:13:22] one of the things that's unique about [00:13:23] the Christian worldview is that the God [00:13:26] of the Bible actually steps off his [00:13:29] throne in eternity and into humanity and [00:13:33] experiences brokenness. He experiences [00:13:36] abandonment. He experiences pain and [00:13:39] suffering. And ultimately he experiences [00:13:41] being murdered. And in that way, the God [00:13:45] of the Bible is not distance, distanced [00:13:48] or aloof to the pain and suffering that [00:13:50] we actually experience because he can [00:13:53] actually relate to it. That as the [00:13:56] second person of the trinity entering [00:13:57] into humanity, he understands what [00:14:00] depravity actually is. Because he can [00:14:04] relate to [00:14:06] the pain, suffering, abandonment, hurt, [00:14:08] turmoil that we experience in this [00:14:11] world. And I think that actually changes [00:14:12] the dynamic uh when we understand the [00:14:17] different worldview perspectives and how [00:14:19] they describe God. Yes, God is [00:14:20] transcendent. Yes, God is holy. Yes, God [00:14:24] is above anything we could fully [00:14:26] comprehend. But God actually [00:14:30] experienced [00:14:31] what we experience [00:14:34] in that brokenness in the world. [00:14:38] >> Mhm. and that he conquered that. I think [00:14:42] the second part of your question, [00:14:45] what why do you say he conquered that? [00:14:48] Cuz it's still here. [00:14:49] >> Yeah, it's a very good point. So, um [00:14:51] it's it's what theologians sometimes [00:14:53] refer to as a now but not yet reality in [00:14:56] that the when Jesus rose from the dead, [00:15:00] what he did ultimately is he said that [00:15:02] death has no hold anymore. You know, the [00:15:04] wages of sin is death. Paul says, "But [00:15:07] the gift of God is eternal life through [00:15:09] Christ Jesus." And so the the the [00:15:13] punishment that was given to our first [00:15:15] parents, Adam and Eve, when they ate of [00:15:17] the fruit of the the tree of knowledge [00:15:20] of good of evil, good and evil. And God [00:15:22] said, "If you eat from this, you're [00:15:23] going to die was that they did die. They [00:15:25] didn't die right then and there, but [00:15:27] there was a spiritual brokenness." Let [00:15:29] me put it this way. So when you read [00:15:30] Genesis chapter 1, you see all these [00:15:32] iterations. You know, God makes the sea [00:15:35] and the fish and the land and and the [00:15:38] the animals and and the trees and the [00:15:41] plants and [00:15:43] if you separate the fish from the water, [00:15:46] right? It dies. God speaks to the water [00:15:49] and it teams with life. But if you [00:15:51] separate the fish from the water, it's [00:15:52] going to die. God speaks to the land and [00:15:55] it brings forth vegetation and greenery. [00:15:58] But if you remove the plant from the [00:16:00] soil, it's going to die. Who does God [00:16:02] speak to when he creates humans? He [00:16:05] speaks to himself. [00:16:07] What happens when we remove ourselves [00:16:09] from our creator? We die. There's a [00:16:12] relational component to it that I think [00:16:14] is very profound. No matter how you want [00:16:17] to read the literalism or the figure [00:16:20] figurative aspects of Genesis chapter 1 [00:16:22] and 2, I think the point there being is [00:16:25] that we were created for relationship [00:16:27] with God and that's been affected. [00:16:29] That's been broken. That's why we have [00:16:32] covenants that God makes with his [00:16:33] people. Those are promises. They're [00:16:35] relational in their ultimate [00:16:37] articulation and their practicality. [00:16:40] And so when Jesus comes and he dies a [00:16:45] death that we deserve [00:16:47] because of the cosmic rebellion, the [00:16:52] evil that we commit, the sin [00:16:55] then [00:16:57] is in the grave but then rises from the [00:16:59] dead. What that is symbolic of is that [00:17:03] the grave death has no hold on those who [00:17:07] are found in Jesus Christ anymore. So [00:17:09] though we still live in this beautiful [00:17:11] yet broken world, all things will be [00:17:13] made new. And that's the promise. And [00:17:16] that [00:17:18] and this kind of leads into the the [00:17:20] other part of your question. You know, [00:17:22] why why do we bother living our lives if [00:17:24] it's just full of pain and suffering? I [00:17:27] think when Jesus teaches his disciples [00:17:28] to pray, he says, "Your kingdom come, [00:17:31] your will be done on earth as it is in [00:17:33] heaven." you know, this this life [00:17:35] matters and it can be profoundly [00:17:38] beautiful. And just as you know, we [00:17:41] bring children into the world and [00:17:43] there's a lot of potential for hurt and [00:17:45] pain and suffering, but we still see [00:17:47] that as a good thing. We still see the [00:17:49] beauty and the amazingness of new life. [00:17:54] When I saw my children come into this [00:17:56] world, [00:17:57] >> there's it was incredible. It's a [00:17:59] miracle, right? How how did this come to [00:18:02] be? [00:18:04] And yet we understand that there's [00:18:07] there's so much opportunity for hurt and [00:18:11] pain and suffering and getting messed up [00:18:12] there. And yet [00:18:16] the potential for goodness and beauty [00:18:20] and to be poured into in that little [00:18:23] child to grow up as a virtuous [00:18:26] individual of character as a good [00:18:28] citizen and a person who can understand [00:18:31] what is truly meaningful in this life [00:18:35] that's worth doing. [00:18:37] >> Absolutely. Yeah. And I think that's [00:18:39] part of, you know, the surrendering of [00:18:41] making it's not just about dying and [00:18:43] going going to heaven. If it was, you [00:18:47] know, the gospel authors could have just [00:18:50] solved the whole problem by just having [00:18:51] Jesus's passionate narrative. But a lot [00:18:54] of the gospels is about his life. It's [00:18:56] about just the daily struggle and the [00:18:58] beauty and the amazingness of friends. [00:19:03] You know, it's interesting in in [00:19:04] scripture in in John's gospel, he [00:19:06] records this event of Jesus's friend [00:19:08] Lazarus dying and Lazarus goes to the [00:19:11] tomb and Lazarus's sisters Mary and [00:19:14] Martha basically think that Jesus has [00:19:17] procrastinated and he's got there too [00:19:19] late. Like, if you were only here, our [00:19:21] brother would still be alive. [00:19:22] >> Mhm. [00:19:22] >> And it's interesting because Jesus fully [00:19:25] knows what he's going to do. He's going [00:19:27] to speak into that tomb and tell Lazarus [00:19:29] to get out. And yet John records it and [00:19:32] says that Jesus stood there and he wept. [00:19:36] He wept because his friend had died. And [00:19:41] that feeling of that raw emotion, that's [00:19:43] not wrong. Jesus knew he was going to [00:19:45] raise him from the dead. But he's also [00:19:47] weeping, I think, because Jesus [00:19:49] understands more than anybody else [00:19:52] what the true significance of the [00:19:54] brokenness of this world can be in the [00:19:57] physical death. but that we look forward [00:19:59] to something [00:20:01] amazing in the resurrection of life [00:20:04] eternal. But that doesn't mean that this [00:20:06] life is a throwaway by any means. [00:20:12] We've all seen it. The Department of War [00:20:15] is operating in a world that's changing [00:20:17] faster than ever. That's why so many [00:20:20] guests on my show talk about the [00:20:21] importance of continued innovation and [00:20:24] technology in the military. But here's [00:20:26] the problem. Working with the Department [00:20:28] of War can be complex. For many [00:20:30] companies, the process isn't always [00:20:33] transparent. It's hard to know who the [00:20:35] right stakeholders are, where the [00:20:37] decisions are made, or how funding [00:20:40] actually moves. Even when you get the [00:20:42] right conversation started, you often [00:20:44] hear the same responses. We like the [00:20:47] technology, but funding is already [00:20:49] allocated or check back next fiscal [00:20:52] year. That leaves a lot of capable teams [00:20:54] with strong products, but no clear path [00:20:57] forward. That's where my friends at SBIR [00:21:00] Advisors come in. They've built a team [00:21:02] of over 60 former acquisition officers [00:21:05] who spent their careers inside that [00:21:08] black box. 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[00:22:28] I mean, I I I have I had another [00:22:30] interesting conversation with Wyatt, who [00:22:32] you met earlier, uh, and and we were [00:22:34] just chatting upstairs right before I [00:22:36] came down, and [00:22:37] >> we're talking about the same kind of [00:22:38] thing. And I I can't remember [00:22:41] how he worded it, but he he had asked, [00:22:45] "I have a whole another life where I was [00:22:48] >> addicted to cocaine and partying and [00:22:50] doing pretty much anything living the [00:22:52] non-Christian life, right? [00:22:54] >> It was a lot of fun. [00:22:55] >> It was maybe the most fun I've ever [00:22:58] had." [00:22:58] >> Mhm. [00:22:59] >> I'm just being honest. I did I wasn't I [00:23:01] wasn't riddled with anxiety. I didn't [00:23:04] have to worry about [ __ ] because I had [00:23:06] no responsibilities. I didn't have a [00:23:08] son. I didn't have a daughter. I didn't [00:23:09] have a wife. But [00:23:13] so there were no worries. There were no [00:23:15] anxieties. There was I I don't I have to [00:23:17] get this stuff done. I mean, yes, I had [00:23:18] a job, but it was it was Do you [00:23:22] understand what I'm saying? And and so [00:23:24] in the back then, I didn't I wouldn't [00:23:27] say I was an atheist. It's not that I [00:23:29] didn't believe in God. I just didn't [00:23:30] give a [ __ ] [00:23:31] >> And I was a sideline person [00:23:34] >> and with no fear of death. It actually [00:23:38] went went I lived in Columbia. I went [00:23:41] down there [00:23:43] with full intention of dying down there. [00:23:46] >> You know, OD on drugs and when life gets [00:23:49] boring, I'm checking out, right? [00:23:51] >> Well, that didn't happen, [00:23:52] >> right? [00:23:53] >> Let's fast forward, you know, and and [00:23:56] now I've I've come to Christ. I believe [00:24:00] in Christ. I'm a Christian. I'm scared [00:24:03] to death of death. H [00:24:06] >> I'm scared to leave my kid behind, my [00:24:08] kids, my wife, because I know how [ __ ] [00:24:11] up this world is. [00:24:12] >> I'm have more I have a team I'm [00:24:15] responsible for. I have a business I'm [00:24:16] responsible for. I have anxieties. I [00:24:19] have worries. I have [00:24:22] Does it seems like you would be [00:24:25] not worried about death after [00:24:28] >> you believe in Christ? After you come to [00:24:31] Christ? [00:24:32] >> Yeah. Yeah. Well, I think seems like [00:24:34] life would be I don't know if easier, [00:24:37] but less anxious, less worries, less I [00:24:39] mean, but it's actually I'm just being [00:24:42] honest. It's the opposite for me. [00:24:44] >> Yeah, definitely. I mean, I think I [00:24:46] think when we're young, we're we're kind [00:24:49] of naive in thinking that the [00:24:53] the indulgences [00:24:56] are just what matters. [00:24:59] And as we mature, we realize that [00:25:01] there's so much more than just pleasure [00:25:05] and uh you know pouring our lives into [00:25:09] temporality and and I totally get what [00:25:12] you're saying in terms of there being no [00:25:14] outward effect on you don't have a [00:25:17] family, you don't have friends [00:25:19] necessarily. I bet though if you had [00:25:21] died it would have affected somebody and [00:25:24] there's a ripple effect that we often [00:25:26] don't realize to how our lives actually [00:25:29] impact others. I mean this is a lie that [00:25:32] a lot of people who commit suicide often [00:25:34] just assume they're better off gone, [00:25:36] right? Everyone's going to be better off [00:25:38] without them. And the just the the [00:25:42] ripple effect outwards of how much pain [00:25:45] that causes. I also think you know CS [00:25:49] Lewis the the famous theologian and [00:25:51] writer he wrote a book called surprised [00:25:52] by joy in that when he writes he said [00:25:56] you know if I was looking for happiness [00:25:58] a good cigar and a bottle of scotch [00:25:59] could have sufficed that that would have [00:26:02] got me there and in his own [00:26:04] autobiography he talks about the fact [00:26:06] that he was actually surprised at the [00:26:10] fulfillment that was brought and the [00:26:13] realization and the maturity that came [00:26:15] with it of how much his life affected [00:26:19] the people around him and how much more [00:26:23] meaningful it could be realizing what [00:26:26] his purpose and identity actually was in [00:26:29] Christ that he actually was surprised by [00:26:31] joy and that he thought his life was [00:26:32] basically going to be over. He couldn't [00:26:33] do all the fun things. he couldn't jump [00:26:36] into those uh vices and indulgences and [00:26:40] but that he failed to realize that the [00:26:44] the temporal [00:26:47] the ecstasies [00:26:50] those were ultimately fleeting that they [00:26:53] wouldn't fulfill him in the way that he [00:26:54] was actually looking for there what I [00:26:56] was referring to earlier when um you [00:26:58] know GK Chesterton says that the man [00:27:00] who's walking into the brothel is [00:27:02] searching for God he he's he's looking [00:27:04] to worship something. And I I I think [00:27:09] maybe the the anxiety and the stress of [00:27:13] what you're feeling cuz I feel that too [00:27:15] in that one of my biggest fears is is [00:27:18] dying and leaving my family and then not [00:27:21] being able to see my children grow up [00:27:23] and not being able and then thinking, [00:27:25] you know, I don't want my children to [00:27:27] grow up without a father and and that [00:27:29] that weighs on me. [00:27:31] >> Mhm. Not because I'm necessarily afraid [00:27:34] of death, because I truly believe that I [00:27:36] will be united with my Lord and Savior, [00:27:38] but it's a grieving of the reality of [00:27:42] what could be left behind. But I think [00:27:45] that's a that's a realization of a [00:27:47] maturity that as we grow older, we [00:27:49] realize the responsibilities [00:27:52] that come with the things that we do and [00:27:55] the people that we're connected to. And [00:27:58] that though we might feel like the drugs [00:28:01] and the sex and the the physical things [00:28:03] and that those are going to give us [00:28:04] meaning and purpose when we're younger, [00:28:06] it's largely because we we have a [00:28:10] mentality that fails to realize our [00:28:12] mortality [00:28:14] more broadly. [00:28:15] >> That that this world has a lot more to [00:28:19] offer than fleeting pleasures. [00:28:23] And that, you know, when you pour into [00:28:26] your kids, when you're building the [00:28:29] train sets with your son, like the joy [00:28:31] that that can bring [00:28:33] >> and just seeing a child light up and and [00:28:37] and seeing your child being born and the [00:28:41] love that you share with your wife, [00:28:44] that's that's something that I think [00:28:46] goes beyond [00:28:49] >> a high, right? which is a very in one [00:28:54] sense a very selfish thing right I'm [00:28:56] experiencing this but [00:28:59] when we get to do something like raise [00:29:01] children as virtuous citizens when we [00:29:06] instill character in them that that's a [00:29:09] legacy that goes beyond the simple you [00:29:13] know I'm feeling this right now and that [00:29:15] feels great [00:29:17] >> but [00:29:19] the thing that lasts [00:29:21] are the things that are truly going to [00:29:24] give meaning and purpose in the world [00:29:26] around us and is ultimately going to [00:29:28] change the world. We have that [00:29:29] potential. So maybe we should be looking [00:29:31] for fulfillment instead of happiness. [00:29:34] >> I think I think sometimes I wonder you [00:29:35] know we tease out the differences [00:29:37] between joy and happiness and in some [00:29:38] ways those are synonymous. I don't think [00:29:40] that uh um but yeah fulfillment [00:29:44] fulfillment goes beyond simple happiness [00:29:48] in the same way that love is far more [00:29:51] than an emotional feeling. [00:29:52] >> Right? There are days that I wake up and [00:29:54] I don't necessarily feel like I'm loving [00:29:56] my wife like I did on our wedding day [00:29:58] >> or on our honeymoon or whatever. [00:30:01] >> And [00:30:03] that love transcends that because love [00:30:06] is actually about sacrifice to a certain [00:30:08] degree. And that's what we see. I mean, [00:30:10] if God's character is love, John the [00:30:13] Apostle in his epistle says God is love [00:30:17] and love is the greatest ethic. So if [00:30:20] the greatest God is going to vi going to [00:30:24] encompass himself, his identity in the [00:30:26] greatest ethic well the greatest example [00:30:28] of that ethic is actually [00:30:29] self-sacrifice, which is what we see in [00:30:31] the person of Jesus Christ. You know, no [00:30:34] greater love has this than a man lays [00:30:37] his life down for his friend, it says in [00:30:39] scripture. And so whether we're talking [00:30:42] about happiness or whether we're talking [00:30:46] about love or whether I think we need to [00:30:48] calibrate these within a framework that [00:30:50] actually puts them into an understanding [00:30:52] that goes beyond [00:30:54] a simple feeling. Because if love is a [00:30:57] simple feeling, if happiness is a simple [00:30:58] feeling, if if if meaning and purpose [00:31:02] and identity are simple feelings, well [00:31:04] then those are those are going to change [00:31:05] with my mood. It's going to change with [00:31:08] my diet, right? And so these concepts go [00:31:13] beyond maybe the simplicity that we [00:31:15] often describe them as because I love my [00:31:18] wife even when I'm not necessarily [00:31:20] feeling as in love with her as I could [00:31:22] possibly be. And I can actually live [00:31:25] that out in a self-sacrificial way that [00:31:28] will truly be loving to her, even if I'm [00:31:31] not feeling the warm fuzzies all the [00:31:34] time. [00:31:37] Makes sense. Makes sense. [00:31:44] I'm trying to think how to ask this. I [00:31:45] What [00:31:48] do you think happens when we die? What [00:31:49] when when you think of heaven, what is [00:31:51] your imagination? And what does your [00:31:53] faith tell you? Where where is it? What [00:31:55] do we see? What where are we going? [00:31:57] >> Mhm. Well, well, Paul says it is [00:31:58] appointed uh people once to die and then [00:32:01] the judgment. So I think you know what [00:32:05] what's going to happen is we're we're [00:32:07] going to be [00:32:09] judged where we're going to stand before [00:32:12] our creator and there's going to be an [00:32:14] instance of [00:32:17] we are either [00:32:19] theologians sometimes describe it as [00:32:20] being found in the first Adam or the [00:32:22] second Adam. So Jesus is described as [00:32:24] the second Adam in scripture and the [00:32:27] idea is you're either going to be found [00:32:29] in your sin and you're going to take the [00:32:33] brunt of that or you're going to be [00:32:35] found in the covering of Christ and he's [00:32:39] taken the brunt of that. So um what we [00:32:44] do in this life it's not that you know [00:32:46] we just [00:32:48] we punch our ticket we say you know [00:32:50] Jesus I believe in you and then whatever [00:32:53] we do after that doesn't matter you know [00:32:55] what we do actually does matter we're [00:32:58] not saved by our works but we're saved [00:33:00] for works and those works can actually [00:33:03] be an example and an outworking [00:33:05] >> what do you mean by that we're not saved [00:33:07] by our works we're saved for our works [00:33:09] what does that mean yeah so in In the [00:33:11] book of Ephesians, uh Paul writes and he [00:33:14] says that um in chapter 2, [00:33:19] he says uh and you were dead in your [00:33:24] transgressions and sins in which you [00:33:25] formerly walked according to the course [00:33:27] of this world according to the ruler and [00:33:29] the power of the air and the spirit is [00:33:31] now working in the sons of disobedience [00:33:33] among whom we all also formerly [00:33:37] conducted ourselves in the lust of our [00:33:39] flesh doing the desires of our flesh and [00:33:41] the mind and were by nature children of [00:33:44] wrath even [00:33:47] even as the rest. But God being rich in [00:33:50] mercy because of his great love which [00:33:53] has which he loves us even when we were [00:33:57] dead in our transgressions made us alive [00:33:59] together with Christ. By grace you have [00:34:01] been saved and raised up with him and [00:34:04] seated he has seated us with him in the [00:34:07] heavenly places in Christ. And he says [00:34:10] that you are saved. [00:34:14] So for by grace you have been saved [00:34:17] through faith and this is not of [00:34:20] yourselves. It is not the gift of God, [00:34:22] not of works so that no one may boast. [00:34:25] For we are his workmanship created in [00:34:27] Christ Jesus for good works which God [00:34:29] prepared beforehand so that we would [00:34:31] walk in them. So, in other words, [00:34:34] there's nothing you can do or I can do [00:34:37] that is going to plate God. We're we're [00:34:40] not going to be able to earn our [00:34:44] salvation because [00:34:47] compared to the standard of the holiness [00:34:49] of God, it's always going to fall short. [00:34:51] >> Mhm. [00:34:52] >> We're broken whether we realize it or [00:34:54] not. [00:34:54] >> Mhm. [00:34:55] >> And we're often, I sometimes say, you [00:34:57] know, worried about the evil out there [00:34:58] when there's a lot of evil in here. And [00:35:00] so what God has done on our behalf is [00:35:03] through Christ Jesus. He has saved us [00:35:07] like Paul says that we are saved by [00:35:10] faith in grace and it's not works. So in [00:35:14] in one sense you know the the law [00:35:19] is like a mirror. [00:35:22] So when we see God's law and his [00:35:25] holiness displayed in his character that [00:35:27] calls us to righteousness, that calls us [00:35:29] to do good things, that's like a mirror [00:35:31] showing us how dirty we are. [00:35:33] >> But we make a mistake when we think that [00:35:35] we need to grab the mirror and wash [00:35:36] ourselves with it, right? That's not [00:35:39] going to clean us. [00:35:40] >> We need something external. We need we [00:35:41] need to jump in the shower. That's [00:35:43] what's truly going to clean us. The law [00:35:45] has a purpose and a good purpose, and [00:35:47] that's to show us that we're dirty. But [00:35:51] it's through faith alone in Christ alone [00:35:55] to the glory of God alone that we're [00:35:56] saved. That that's something that he has [00:35:58] done. We're saved by works, just not [00:36:00] ours. Christ who has done them [00:36:02] perfectly. And the works that we do, [00:36:06] when I say we're not saved by our works, [00:36:08] but we're saved for our works. What I [00:36:10] mean that by that is that the works are [00:36:12] actually the evidence to show that God [00:36:16] has truly done something in our life. [00:36:19] And now we see that movement in our [00:36:22] heart. So I I talked to I was talking to [00:36:25] someone recently who was saying, you [00:36:28] know, I have a friend who uh he he [00:36:31] claims to be a Christian and um but he's [00:36:33] he's really not living a life that I [00:36:35] would say is overly overly [00:36:39] a good example of what a Christian [00:36:41] should be living. He said, like, Wes, do [00:36:43] you think he's a do you think he's a [00:36:44] believer? Do you think he has a genuine [00:36:46] faith in God? And what I said to him [00:36:48] was, you know, [00:36:50] ultimately that's between him and God. [00:36:53] But I think it's perfectly reasonable to [00:36:55] look at that person and say, [00:36:58] listen, [00:37:01] your salvation is between you and God. [00:37:03] But I have no reason to believe that. I [00:37:06] have no reason to believe that you're [00:37:08] saved. And I think that should worry [00:37:09] you. I think it should worry you that [00:37:13] when I look at the world and I look at [00:37:16] you, I really don't see that much of a [00:37:17] difference. And that either means that [00:37:20] you're you're not living the life that [00:37:22] God has called you to or you're in real [00:37:25] danger that you don't actually [00:37:27] understand who Jesus is and what he's [00:37:29] done for you on your behalf. And so I [00:37:33] think the mistake we can make is [00:37:35] thinking that God is like the gods of [00:37:37] the Old Testament that the nations [00:37:39] surrounding Israel were trying to offer [00:37:41] up sacrifices to the agricultural gods [00:37:44] so that you know if I sacrifice my son [00:37:46] on the altar of of Baal, maybe he'll [00:37:50] grow good crops for me. And and God [00:37:53] says, I hate that. I hate that because [00:37:56] that's an it's it's it's making the [00:37:59] thing a means to an end. I don't want [00:38:01] you to sacrifice to get. [00:38:04] >> I want you to love. I want you to love [00:38:07] me. And I want this to be an act of [00:38:08] devotion. Which is why eventually God [00:38:11] through the prophets starts to condemn [00:38:13] the sacrifices which he commands the [00:38:15] Israelites to do. Not because the [00:38:16] sacrifices are bad, but because he says, [00:38:19] you know, you've just made this you've [00:38:21] made it a a meaningless act. You've made [00:38:24] it something that just becomes wrote. [00:38:28] It's it's just a a ritual. God says, "I [00:38:31] don't want ritual. I'm not interested in [00:38:33] that. All those other gods, they can get [00:38:35] the rituals, right? It's fake. It's [00:38:38] meaningless. It's purposeless. But I [00:38:40] love you and I want you to do this [00:38:42] because I want you to understand the [00:38:45] relationship that I'm I've called you to [00:38:48] be in." And so those works those works [00:38:52] are an outpouring of the love. Right? If [00:38:55] I were to ask you, Sean, what's the [00:38:57] opposite of love? What would you say? [00:38:58] Hate. [00:38:59] >> Hate. That's a common answer and I think [00:39:00] that's a good answer. But if you think [00:39:02] about it, to hate something is actually [00:39:05] to to invest emotional energy in it. [00:39:09] Apathy, [00:39:10] apathy is actually the opposite of love [00:39:13] because apathy [00:39:15] just doesn't care. When we see people [00:39:20] who abandon children [00:39:23] who um you know evil is being done [00:39:26] around them and they're just indifferent [00:39:29] that that stirs us as it should. And [00:39:33] it's because apathy is the opposite of [00:39:36] love. And what God is calling us to is, [00:39:42] you know, the way that we live out that [00:39:44] love is by showing that that is actually [00:39:48] not because it saves us because it [00:39:49] can't. There's nothing that we can do [00:39:51] that God, you know, God doesn't need us [00:39:54] to love him. In one sense, God doesn't [00:39:57] need us to do anything. But it's kind of [00:40:00] amazing that he he wants us to. God is [00:40:03] no better off or worse off if I don't [00:40:06] love him. If I don't worship him. God [00:40:08] exists perfectly in a set of living [00:40:10] loving relationships and did eternally. [00:40:13] And yet out of an outpouring of his [00:40:15] love, he decides to create. He doesn't [00:40:18] need to do that. He existed instead of [00:40:21] living a living relationships in the [00:40:22] father, the son, and the holy spirit. [00:40:24] And yet he creates and even he creates [00:40:26] knowing that [00:40:29] his creation is going to rebel. that's [00:40:31] going to cause pain and that he himself [00:40:34] in the second person as the son is going [00:40:36] to enter into that pain and yet it's to [00:40:41] his glory. In the the book of [00:40:44] Revelation, the last book of the Bible, [00:40:45] it says that before the foundations of [00:40:47] the world world were lain, the lamb was [00:40:49] slain. And so the cross wasn't a [00:40:51] contingency plan. It wasn't an oops, I [00:40:54] better fix things. It was all for the [00:40:56] glory of God because he loves us and he [00:40:59] wants right relationship with us. [00:41:02] So you're saying it's not the works, [00:41:04] it's grace and faith. So the way I [00:41:08] understand what you're saying is if you [00:41:10] have faith then you wouldn't do the [00:41:13] latter anyways. You wouldn't act like [00:41:15] that anyways. Am I correct in the wrong [00:41:18] things? [00:41:18] >> Okay. We're talking about it's not for [00:41:21] your deeds or your works. Correct. [00:41:23] That's it's for your grace and faith. [00:41:26] >> Yeah. [00:41:27] >> To get you to heaven. Is that that's [00:41:28] what you said? Correct. [00:41:29] >> Yep. [00:41:30] >> So if you had faith in grace, [00:41:36] then [00:41:37] maybe you wouldn't have done the works, [00:41:39] but you wouldn't have lied, cheated, [00:41:41] steal, murdered, or done any of that [00:41:43] [ __ ] Does that make sense? [00:41:45] >> Yeah. I mean, I think [00:41:46] >> so. But by fa by having faith alone, you [00:41:48] would not partake in breaking the ten [00:41:53] commandments. [00:41:53] >> Or at least there's an understanding [00:41:55] that this is not what I should be doing. [00:41:59] >> Right? There's a there's a changing of [00:42:00] of mind in in the mindset of when I [00:42:04] think of my life before really [00:42:06] understanding what Jesus had done on my [00:42:09] behalf, I I could easily explain away [00:42:16] bad things, right? Because the [00:42:19] significance of them was different. [00:42:22] Martin Luther, the uh the German um [00:42:25] reformer, [00:42:27] he he talks about the difference [00:42:29] between, [00:42:31] you know, falling in a hole and making a [00:42:34] bed in a hole [00:42:36] or if you fall, you trip in the hole and [00:42:38] then you get out of the hole. But that's [00:42:42] a mistake and you understand that it's a [00:42:43] mistake. You don't then set up camp in [00:42:46] the hole or a bird flying over your head [00:42:48] and a bird making a nest in your hair. [00:42:50] Like when we when we truly understand [00:42:53] the significance of the weight of the [00:42:56] wrongdoing that we participate in, it it [00:42:58] grieves us and we want to change, right? [00:43:01] Maturity is realizing that we shouldn't [00:43:04] be doing these things, though we do them [00:43:07] because we're still in the on this side [00:43:10] of eternity. We're still in a broken [00:43:11] world, but we have an understanding and [00:43:14] we have that conviction of the Holy [00:43:15] Spirit that we shouldn't do them and we [00:43:18] don't want to do them. When I sin, when [00:43:20] I when I sin against my wife, when I sin [00:43:23] against my family, my friends, anybody, [00:43:26] I I feel convicted of that because I [00:43:28] know I shouldn't be doing that. But and [00:43:31] that's not to say that um you know if [00:43:34] you aren't a Christian that you don't [00:43:36] feel guilt or conviction or I think we [00:43:40] all do by nature of the fact that we're [00:43:42] created in God's image. There's an [00:43:43] aspect of that that's still it's crying [00:43:45] out to us in our identity. We know we're [00:43:47] not meant to be doing these things. But [00:43:51] uh in the book of James, there's this [00:43:53] this really great passage where James um [00:43:57] he talks about the fact that if you [00:43:59] break one commandment of the law, uh [00:44:03] you've you've broken all the law. Um [00:44:08] and what he says there uh [00:44:11] is [00:44:14] he says, "What use is it, my brothers, [00:44:16] if someone says he has faith but he has [00:44:18] no works? Can that faith save him? If a [00:44:21] brother or sister is without clothing [00:44:23] and in need of daily food, and one of [00:44:26] you says to him, "Go in peace, be [00:44:28] warmed, and be filled." And yet you do [00:44:30] not give him what is necessary for their [00:44:32] body. What is the use? Even so, faith, [00:44:34] if it has no works, is dead by itself. [00:44:37] Now, you could read that and think, [00:44:38] well, he's saying it's it's faith and [00:44:40] works, right? [00:44:42] >> Cuz he says, you know, show me your your [00:44:44] faith and I'll show you my works. But [00:44:46] what he's getting there is not that it's [00:44:49] both faith and works. It's that the [00:44:52] works are going to be an outpouring of [00:44:54] the faith that you have. He says um [00:45:00] now uh let me see if I can find it. Um [00:45:04] that if you if you now if you commit if [00:45:09] you break one aspect of the law, you are [00:45:13] held accountable for all of it. And it's [00:45:16] kind of like this, Sean. If you're [00:45:17] hanging off this edge of a cliff and [00:45:19] you're hanging on to uh like a chain, [00:45:24] if one of those links in the chain is [00:45:27] cut, you're going to fall as if none of [00:45:29] those links are holding you up, right? [00:45:33] >> And it that's kind of what James is [00:45:35] getting at there. If you if you break [00:45:38] one of the commandments, you've break [00:45:40] broken all of them. It's not that if you [00:45:43] lie, you're now held accountable for [00:45:45] murder. But it's that [00:45:47] I'm hanging on to that chain and if one [00:45:51] of those links is severed, I'm going to [00:45:54] plummet to my death because there's no [00:45:56] small sin because there's no small God. [00:45:59] That doesn't mean all sin is created [00:46:00] equal. We know that murder is worse than [00:46:02] sin. And we even see when Jesus is [00:46:05] handed over to Pilate just before his [00:46:07] crucifixion, he says, "The one who's [00:46:08] given given me over to you has committed [00:46:11] the greater sin." The law has more [00:46:14] severe penalties for some sins and less [00:46:17] severe penalties for others in the Old [00:46:19] Testament. It's not that this is all, [00:46:22] you know, flattened out. There are [00:46:24] gradations of sin and we even understand [00:46:25] that in our own civil law, but [00:46:29] it's it's cosmic treason against a holy [00:46:32] God. And so in that sense, it's always [00:46:34] going to be significant because of who [00:46:36] it's against. [00:46:40] >> You know, I read this um have you heard [00:46:42] of the the Jesus Calling? [00:46:44] >> Mhm. [00:46:44] >> I read this every morning. I read it [00:46:46] more than my Bible cuz I actually [00:46:48] understand that. And uh I know it's [00:46:50] funny, but it's true. But you know, this [00:46:53] morning I was reading it and I was a [00:46:55] couple days behind so I've caught up. [00:46:57] But you know, was talking about and a [00:46:59] common thing in there is it's all It's [00:47:02] always talking about, "Hand over your [00:47:04] problems to me. Hand them over to me. [00:47:06] All the [ __ ] you're worried about, hand [00:47:08] it over to me. I'll take care of it." [00:47:10] And I was I just I just I don't [00:47:12] understand what that means. I mean, [00:47:14] >> I've got all kinds of [ __ ] problems. [00:47:16] I pray for them all the time, [00:47:19] >> years, some of these problems. And I'm [00:47:22] not saying I have more problems or less [00:47:23] problems than anybody else. They're just [00:47:25] problems, you know? And I I pray about [00:47:27] them. [00:47:29] A lot of them don't get answered. [00:47:32] And and and then I think about it and [00:47:34] I'm like, what what does that mean? [00:47:36] >> Like I'm it's Monday morning. I'm [00:47:38] anxious. I'm a business owner. I got I'm [00:47:42] a family guy. I got I got all kinds of [00:47:45] problems and and anxieties and [00:47:48] >> and so what is it when it says don't [00:47:51] worry about your problems. Hand them [00:47:52] over to me. I'll take care of them. Like [00:47:55] >> I've been praying for years for you to [00:47:57] take care of some of these problems. And [00:47:59] they're all, not all of them, but a lot [00:48:01] of them are still here. So, what does [00:48:04] that mean? Like, I can't just go, "Hey, [00:48:08] I got all this [ __ ] coming up and there [00:48:09] are problems and things that I'm [00:48:11] stressed about, but I'm just not going [00:48:12] to [ __ ] do any of it because you said [00:48:14] you're going to handle it, [00:48:15] >> that's not going to work out well for [00:48:17] me, [00:48:17] >> you know, and so I don't even know what [00:48:19] that means. [00:48:21] >> Just hand over your problems. Here you [00:48:23] go." [00:48:23] >> I think [00:48:24] >> here they are. Yeah. Exactly. I think [00:48:26] one way that that it could be looked at [00:48:29] and maybe this is a diff like unique way [00:48:31] of framing it. But I think part of that [00:48:36] calling that God says, you know, come to [00:48:38] me because my yoke is easy and my burden [00:48:42] is light is an invitation to be [00:48:46] transparent with God in those things. [00:48:50] Psalm 23, pretty famous psalm. The Lord [00:48:52] is my shepherd. Yahweh is my shepherd. [00:48:55] that I shall not want. He makes me lie [00:48:56] down in green pastures. He leads me [00:48:58] beside quiet waters. He restores my [00:48:59] soul. He guides me in the paths of [00:49:01] righteousness for his name's sake. One [00:49:04] chapter over, Psalm 22 starts very [00:49:07] different. My God, my God, why have you [00:49:09] forsaken me? Why are you so far from me? [00:49:13] From this my salvation and the words of [00:49:14] my groaning? Oh my God, I call by day, [00:49:18] but you do not answer and by night and I [00:49:20] have no rest. You know what I find [00:49:22] really interesting about the God of the [00:49:24] Bible is the God of the Bible who calls [00:49:26] us to come to him sees both the person [00:49:28] who says Yahweh is my shepherd I shall [00:49:31] not want and the person who says my God [00:49:34] my God why have you forsaken me as [00:49:36] equally valid forms of worship in that [00:49:40] onethird of the book of Psalms is what [00:49:43] is sometimes referred to as the lament [00:49:45] or the complaint psalms and that God [00:49:48] wants us to come to him he wants wants [00:49:51] us to be transparent with him. He wants [00:49:54] us to be like David who says, "I don't [00:49:57] get it. I'm struggling. I'm lost. I [00:50:00] don't feel you. I feel like you're far [00:50:03] away. I feel like I'm forsaken." [00:50:06] And [00:50:08] that aspect, I think, of God calling us [00:50:10] to cast our burdens on him. Part of that [00:50:14] is an acknowledgment of God realizing [00:50:17] that this world is hard. that that that [00:50:20] our burdens aren't meaningless. You [00:50:22] know, some Eastern philosophies like [00:50:24] Buddhism and Taoism and Shintoism, [00:50:26] you read some of these writings and the [00:50:30] the way that they talk about struggle [00:50:32] and pain and suffering is is sometimes [00:50:35] very dismissive and that it's like, [00:50:38] well, just stop desiring things. Just [00:50:40] stop. You know that you're too you're [00:50:43] you're attached to this world because [00:50:44] you have this desire. So, cast off all [00:50:47] desires. you know, easier said than [00:50:49] done, right? [00:50:50] >> You know, ironically, they desire to do [00:50:52] that to cast off all the desires. But [00:50:55] the I think what we see within the just [00:50:58] honesty of the text of the Bible is that [00:51:02] you see that God, that God who's [00:51:04] compassionate, that God who understands, [00:51:06] that God who says, you know, you can [00:51:08] come to me [00:51:10] and you can be [00:51:13] honest with me about what's going on. [00:51:16] You don't have to sugarcoat your [00:51:18] problems. You don't have to pretend that [00:51:19] you're holier than you really are. You [00:51:21] don't have to pretend that things are [00:51:22] going well or that things are easy or [00:51:25] because listen, I I get it. You know, I [00:51:30] walked the dusty streets of first [00:51:31] century Galilee and my my my my feet [00:51:35] achd and I my friends abandoned me. My [00:51:40] family members died [00:51:43] and I was betrayed and I was murdered. [00:51:46] And I think part of God calling us to [00:51:50] come to him is less of a cure all. You [00:51:53] know, all of a sudden all your problems [00:51:55] are going to be fixed. [00:51:56] >> Mhm. [00:51:57] >> That's not realistic. We know we know [00:51:59] that's not going to happen. [00:52:01] >> Mhm. [00:52:01] >> There's a future tense of the fact that [00:52:03] God says, you know, [00:52:06] you I'm going to make all things new. [00:52:09] But he also says, "This world is going [00:52:10] to be hard, and this world is going to [00:52:13] be full of pain and struggle, but I've [00:52:16] overcome the world." And so, all [00:52:19] authority in heaven on earth has been [00:52:21] given to me, Jesus says. [00:52:23] And as part of that, I think the calling [00:52:28] is less of a Jesus is just a fixer who's [00:52:32] going to solve all our problems. Jesus [00:52:34] isn't a genie, [00:52:37] but [00:52:38] the relational component is that God [00:52:41] wants us to come to him. He wants us to [00:52:44] be honest. He wants us to be transparent [00:52:47] because he can understand those things. [00:52:49] And the the reassurance in that is that [00:52:53] it's not a God that just creates and [00:52:55] sets the dials in motion and then steps [00:52:58] back and says, "Well, I hope everything [00:52:59] works out. you know, let's see how all [00:53:01] these little people can figure [00:53:03] themselves out and I hope it I hope it [00:53:05] works out. No, God desires our good. But [00:53:08] that good doesn't necessarily mean that [00:53:11] everything is going to work perfectly in [00:53:12] this world. Look at the apostles. [00:53:14] >> Mhm. [00:53:14] >> Look at Jesus himself. You know, all of [00:53:17] the apostles [00:53:19] after coming to the realization that [00:53:23] their their rabbi rose from the dead and [00:53:27] that the claims that he made about [00:53:28] himself were true [00:53:31] saw that proclamation and the new life [00:53:34] that was a possibility for others as [00:53:36] something worth suffering and dying for. [00:53:39] And although we can't be sure of all the [00:53:41] martyrdom stories that they're rock [00:53:43] solid about all the apostles, we know [00:53:45] that they at minimum suffered pain and [00:53:47] persecution for that. And they desired [00:53:50] that. Not that they were going out to [00:53:52] get hurt, but they understood that, you [00:53:56] know, the the God who loves us is worth [00:53:59] knowing personally because the God who [00:54:02] loves us cares about us. When we are in [00:54:05] those seasons of my God, my God, why [00:54:07] have you forsaken me? And in the seasons [00:54:09] of the Lord is my shepherd, I shall not [00:54:10] want. [00:54:16] >> All right. All right. Where do you think [00:54:18] we were before we were born? [00:54:20] >> I I don't think we existed before we [00:54:22] were born. [00:54:23] >> Do you think that it's just you don't [00:54:25] think I mean when you hear the term old [00:54:27] soul, does that mean anything to you? [00:54:29] >> No. I think it's a turn of phrase. You [00:54:31] know, it is interesting the I thought [00:54:33] about this with every kid that's been [00:54:35] born of of mine, you know. [00:54:37] It's so crazy that a new life just pops [00:54:41] into existence [00:54:42] >> and that that is something like the I [00:54:46] can see the personality of the baby and [00:54:49] I can see how my wife's personality and [00:54:53] my personality are articulated in my [00:54:56] sons and my daughters and how amazing [00:54:59] that is [00:55:01] and that that fact is a little bit [00:55:03] incomprehensible. [00:55:04] But I don't believe in the pre-existence [00:55:06] of souls. I don't think that that's [00:55:07] something that that scripture [00:55:09] articulates in in a way this concrete. [00:55:11] But I think there's a divine mystery to [00:55:13] the act of life. How does non-life [00:55:15] produce life? [00:55:17] I I we we don't really have an answer to [00:55:19] that question in terms of a scientific [00:55:22] pursuit. Um, and even the fact that, you [00:55:25] know, this how many pounds of gray [00:55:26] matter in my brain is able to [00:55:29] >> ponder those questions is pretty crazy [00:55:31] in and of itself. [00:55:33] >> If we really think about it, [00:55:35] >> why why can I trust this? If this is a [00:55:38] product of time plus matter plus chance, [00:55:40] what what is really grounding my ability [00:55:43] to trust my reasoning faculties? Well, I [00:55:46] think it's because I am endowed with the [00:55:49] image of my creator, which gives meaning [00:55:53] and purpose to that. But man, there's [00:55:56] something crazy about, you know, seeing [00:56:00] a new life come into existence and [00:56:02] watching that person grow up and [00:56:04] >> Oh, yeah. [00:56:06] >> Yeah. It truly is miraculous. Yeah. It [00:56:09] uh it [00:56:11] there's no doubt, [00:56:14] Wes, let's take a quick break. 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[00:58:03] Use code SRS for 20% off sitewide, plus [00:58:07] free shipping. Please support our show [00:58:09] and tell them we sent you. Mando's got [00:58:12] you covered with deodorant plus sweat [00:58:14] control. Say goodbye to sweat stains and [00:58:17] hello to longlasting freshness. [00:58:22] Want to stay up to date on all things [00:58:24] SRS? You bet your ass you do. Our [00:58:26] newsletter brings you the latest SRS [00:58:29] news and critical updates. Get instant [00:58:31] alerts on the newest episodes. Never [00:58:34] miss a beat. Exclusive intel briefs from [00:58:37] counterterrorism expert Sarah Adams. [00:58:40] You've seen her many times on the show. [00:58:42] She's going to give unfiltered insights [00:58:44] on global terrorist activity. For [00:58:46] Patreon exclusives, you're going to get [00:58:48] epic range days with me and damn near [00:58:50] every guest that's come in the studio. [00:58:53] You're also going to get behind the [00:58:54] scenes content and guest updates. You're [00:58:58] going to get first dibs on new merch [00:59:00] drops and limited edition items that [00:59:02] will never be sold again. plus exclusive [00:59:06] offers from our partners you won't find [00:59:08] anywhere else. So, subscribe to the [00:59:10] Vigilance Elite newsletter right now. [00:59:18] All right, Wes, we're back from the [00:59:20] break. So, all that wasn't on the [00:59:22] outline before this, but uh so now I [00:59:24] want to get into your story. Born in [00:59:26] Pakistan, [00:59:27] >> what were you doing over there? What [00:59:29] were your parents doing over there? [00:59:30] >> Yeah, that's right. Usually when I cross [00:59:31] the border and and people look at my [00:59:33] passport, they ask military or [00:59:35] missionary because why why else would a [00:59:37] guy that looks like me be born in [00:59:39] Pakistan? [00:59:40] >> And it it is it's a missionary. So my [00:59:42] parents were missionaries in the um uh [00:59:48] early '9s uh in in Pakistan. So I was [00:59:52] born there, but we weren't there for [00:59:53] very long because the Gulf War broke [00:59:55] out. [00:59:56] >> Mhm. [00:59:56] >> And Pakistan sided with Saddam Hussein. [00:59:58] So it wasn't safe to be in in Pakistan [01:00:01] anymore. And so we eventually came back [01:00:03] to Canada. And then we my parents went [01:00:06] back to the missions field where my my [01:00:08] dad worked in Aman Jordan where for a [01:00:11] short time he was the chaplain at the [01:00:14] British embassy. So uh very short stint [01:00:17] of my childhood. I actually went back [01:00:18] after I graduated high school. I went [01:00:20] back to Jordan. But it was it was very [01:00:22] different because when I was there as a [01:00:23] child we were in Aman and we it was very [01:00:26] rural and uh or very urban and then when [01:00:30] I went back it was very rural. We were I [01:00:32] was working with Bedawin with a [01:00:34] tuberculosis clinic. [01:00:36] >> Oh wow. [01:00:36] >> And so it's a very different experience. [01:00:39] Even the language the Arabic that the [01:00:41] the Bedawin spoke the locals said like [01:00:43] don't worry we can't understand them [01:00:45] either. So it was uh but it was it was [01:00:49] it was great and I think I think formed [01:00:52] a lot of my [01:00:55] desires and interests in even something [01:00:58] like inquiry into Islam having [01:01:00] understood what a majority Muslim [01:01:02] perspective was and some of the things [01:01:05] that might like not totally compute if [01:01:10] you were just learning about something [01:01:12] like a worldview like Islam from a [01:01:16] Did you how how far into Islam did you [01:01:19] get? [01:01:20] >> Um well I researched it pretty heavily [01:01:22] like I I read I read the Quran cover to [01:01:24] cover a few times and um connected with [01:01:27] some people who were doing academic work [01:01:30] on the Quran. There was a period when I [01:01:32] was in university where there were uh [01:01:35] other Muslim students who during Ramadan [01:01:38] they would read the Quran from beginning [01:01:40] to end and I would do it with them [01:01:42] almost as a way to establish [01:01:44] relationships but also to talk through [01:01:46] some of these things and then I would [01:01:48] also share some of what I was reading in [01:01:50] the Bible as well. But uh in my [01:01:53] four-year undergraduate degree I [01:01:55] probably read the Quran five or six [01:01:56] times. [01:01:57] >> Wow. And in English, mind you, never in [01:01:59] Arabic, which my Muslim friends would [01:02:00] say, you haven't read the Quran because [01:02:02] it only exists in Arabic, right? An [01:02:04] English translation, they wouldn't [01:02:05] consider properly being a Quran. But um [01:02:10] I I read I read quite a bit of the [01:02:12] adjacent stuff, the Hadith and uh the [01:02:16] Sunnah and then the Saratul Allah, the [01:02:19] biography of the prophet of Muhammad um [01:02:23] Ibn Ashak. So I was I was genuinely [01:02:26] interested in it because of the [01:02:28] interplay historically with Christianity [01:02:30] and Islam and also just trying to figure [01:02:33] out you know okay well what what are the [01:02:35] claims of this worldview? Could they [01:02:38] actually be legitimate compared to [01:02:40] something that I was raised to believe? [01:02:43] And ultimately I found them very wanting [01:02:47] really. What what what I mean what would [01:02:49] you say what are some of the main [01:02:51] teachings in the Quran? Well, I think [01:02:54] Islam has an issue in that there are [01:02:59] historical articulations of [01:03:03] what's going on in the biblical stories [01:03:05] that are just false. So, the main one [01:03:08] would be in uh uh in the Quran uh surah [01:03:13] 147 um it denies the crucifixion. Uh so [01:03:18] it it says that uh it has the Jews [01:03:22] speaking and saying be crucified Jesus [01:03:24] the son of Mary which is kind of an odd [01:03:25] thing if the Jews believed he was the [01:03:27] Messiah that they were crucifying him. [01:03:29] And then it says that uh that he he he [01:03:33] was not crucified nor was he killed but [01:03:35] it was made to appear to them. And so [01:03:36] there's [01:03:38] a a face value denial of the [01:03:40] crucifixion. Now [01:03:41] >> they say that he was real. [01:03:43] >> Yes. So Muslims believe in Jesus. In [01:03:45] fact, Jesus is mentioned 25 times in the [01:03:47] Quran. Uh far more than even Muhammad is [01:03:50] mentioned in the Quran. [01:03:51] >> And the the if you think of the [01:03:54] traditional Islamic narrative of [01:03:57] Muhammad being a 7th century caravanner, [01:04:01] I think it makes sense for some of the [01:04:04] stories that you find of whether that's [01:04:06] Abraham or Noah or Jesus, John the [01:04:11] Baptist, Mary who are in the Quran. [01:04:13] Because I think what's probably going on [01:04:14] is that you have an individual, if we're [01:04:16] accepting the traditional narrative that [01:04:18] there was a historical Muhammad, that [01:04:20] he's a caravanner, that he's he's [01:04:23] traveling in and around the Arabian [01:04:24] Peninsula up into areas like Syria and [01:04:27] Jordan. He's being exposed to Christians [01:04:30] and Jews. And I mean, the traditional [01:04:33] narrative is that he was illiterate. So, [01:04:35] he's not reading these stories. He's [01:04:37] hearing them orally. But because there's [01:04:40] really no exposure to what we call the [01:04:43] Old and the New Testaments [01:04:46] and even then it's it's up for debate [01:04:48] whether they existed in Arabic as Arabic [01:04:50] existed in like 7th century Hiji script [01:04:53] at that point in time anyways. But he [01:04:56] would have been hearing these stories [01:04:58] with no kind of discerning ability to [01:05:00] differentiate between fables and [01:05:03] campfire stories about these characters [01:05:06] and what were the actual historically [01:05:08] reliable [01:05:10] non-apocryphal [01:05:11] documents. So the earliest source [01:05:14] material for Jesus are the 27 books that [01:05:17] we call the New Testament primarily the [01:05:19] biographies of Matthew, Mark, Luke and [01:05:21] John. But there are other stories that [01:05:23] that are apocryphal in nature that talk [01:05:27] about say Jesus what Jesus was like as a [01:05:30] child. So there's one called the Arab [01:05:32] infancy Gospel of Thomas. And the Arab [01:05:34] infancy gospel of Thomas has a story [01:05:36] about child Jesus. Now this is coming a [01:05:40] long time after Jesus. Everyone who knew [01:05:42] Jesus was dead by the time these stories [01:05:44] were developing. But the biblical [01:05:47] gospels are very sparse on what Jesus [01:05:49] was like as a child. The Gospel of Luke [01:05:51] has a very brief story of Jesus when [01:05:54] he's 12 going to the temple with his [01:05:55] family and teaching in the temple and [01:05:57] Mary and Joseph forget him in Jerusalem [01:06:00] and then have to go back. [01:06:02] But so so there's a an a body of [01:06:06] literature that pops up that's basically [01:06:08] talking about well what was Jesus like [01:06:10] as a child? And so [01:06:13] infancy narratives become kind of this [01:06:16] very popular if you want to call them [01:06:18] fanfiction. It's not really like a a [01:06:20] proper historical designation, but kind [01:06:22] of like that. And one of these is the [01:06:24] Arab Infancy Gospel of Thomas, which has [01:06:26] a story about Jesus making clay birds by [01:06:30] a riverbank. And then some of the Jews [01:06:32] get mad at him because it happens to be [01:06:34] the Sabbath and he's working on the [01:06:36] Sabbath. And so the story goes that he [01:06:37] breathes on the birds, they turn into [01:06:39] real birds, and the evidence flies away. [01:06:41] This story ends up in the Quran. And we [01:06:44] know that this is an apocryphal story. [01:06:46] We know that it has no historical [01:06:49] designation of actually being tied to [01:06:51] the first century itinerate Jewish rabbi [01:06:54] Jesus of Nazareth, but [01:06:57] it is something that would have been [01:06:59] available potentially in oral form in [01:07:02] the Arabian Peninsula in the 7th [01:07:04] century. And so you have these things [01:07:07] that get smuggled into the text of the [01:07:09] Quran, but they're jumbled and they have [01:07:13] so there's their characters that that [01:07:16] are in some places that shouldn't be in [01:07:18] others. Uh Hmon, who is from the book of [01:07:22] Esther, ends up in the Exodus story as [01:07:25] the right-hand man to Pharaoh. Well, [01:07:27] there are hundreds of years between the [01:07:29] Persian story of Esther and the Egyptian [01:07:31] story of Moses and Pharaoh. So there [01:07:34] there's confusion and conflation that's [01:07:36] going on. And I was at least when I was [01:07:40] reading the Quran early on aware of the [01:07:42] biblical narratives. And so when I'm [01:07:44] reading the Quran and I'm reading some [01:07:46] of the Quran's versions of these [01:07:47] stories, it's not hard to pick up on [01:07:50] where they're just not right. Gotcha. [01:07:53] >> And ultimately, uh, surah 4 verse 157 [01:07:56] that denies the crucifixion. That That's [01:07:58] a pretty serious one. [01:07:59] >> What I mean, what does it say? What does [01:08:02] it say? I mean it it denies the [01:08:05] crucifixion. [01:08:06] >> Yeah. It says that uh he was neither [01:08:07] killed nor was he crucified but it was [01:08:09] made to appear to them. And it says that [01:08:11] even those who proclaim it are in doubt [01:08:13] about it. So part of the problem is that [01:08:15] there's a little bit of ambiguity in the [01:08:18] wording of the Arabic. So some Islamic [01:08:24] um exedites and interpreters have have [01:08:26] interpreted this as he wasn't he wasn't [01:08:31] killed but he was put on the cross and [01:08:33] crucified. Others take that but it was [01:08:36] made to appear to them and take that as [01:08:39] what's sometimes called the substitution [01:08:41] theory [01:08:42] where uh someone else was made to look [01:08:44] like Jesus and put in his place. Um [01:08:47] that's a minority view but it is a view [01:08:49] that some scholars like uh Shabir Ali [01:08:52] has articulated in the past uh the [01:08:55] Ahmedia sect of Islam that this is the [01:08:57] perspective they hold and they actually [01:08:59] believe that um uh well they believe [01:09:02] actually so so I'll back up that was a [01:09:04] mistake they don't believe that they [01:09:06] believe that Jesus was on the cross but [01:09:07] he survived which is called the swoon [01:09:09] theory that in in the crucifixion when [01:09:13] it says that he he did not die nor was [01:09:16] he crucified ified it's that he wasn't [01:09:18] crucified all the way because he didn't [01:09:20] die but that actually he recovered [01:09:22] afterwards and they have a story about [01:09:24] him going to India and living to over [01:09:25] 100 years and having a family and that [01:09:27] kind of thing but there is some [01:09:30] ambiguity in the historical [01:09:33] uh commentaries the taps on this [01:09:35] particular passage to where there's [01:09:38] debate even amongst Muslims as is this a [01:09:41] full outright denial of the crucifixion [01:09:43] that's what the kind of mainstream Sunni [01:09:45] Orthodox perspective would be. But some [01:09:48] believe that maybe Judas was dressed up [01:09:51] like Jesus and he was put on the cross [01:09:53] in Jesus's place or that Jesus recovered [01:09:56] or that it never happened. It was all an [01:09:57] illusion to begin with. But no matter [01:10:00] which way you swing it, it's still a [01:10:03] denial of one of the most established [01:10:05] facts of all of history. Yeah. Even like [01:10:09] the most skeptical of biblical scholars [01:10:11] that they can say we can basically know [01:10:12] nothing about the details of Jesus's [01:10:14] life. We can say that he was crucified [01:10:17] under Pontius Pilate because we have so [01:10:20] many intersecting sources Christian and [01:10:22] non-Christian alike. Wow. That's I mean [01:10:25] so are they bringing up is the only [01:10:28] point of bringing up Christianity, the [01:10:30] crucifixion, Jesus, Moses, everybody you [01:10:33] know that that plays a role in the B. Is [01:10:35] it to discredit Christianity in the [01:10:38] Quran? Um I I mean I think the answer to [01:10:41] that would be yes and no. There's a [01:10:43] clear line of succession within the [01:10:47] Quran. Um, and I think part of this is [01:10:51] uh the confusion on the author of the [01:10:52] Quran's part that [01:10:55] they thought they knew what the Torah [01:10:58] and the Gospel were. So the Torah and [01:10:59] the Injil, the Torah and the Gospel are [01:11:01] referred to multiple times within the [01:11:02] Quran itself. And you have a a kind of a [01:11:06] you have succession language that the [01:11:09] Torah was given to Moses and it was full [01:11:10] of guidance and light and the gospel was [01:11:12] given to Jesus and it was full of [01:11:13] guidance and light and then the final [01:11:16] revelation is the Quran. But there's [01:11:18] almost a tacid implication that they're [01:11:20] all saying basically the same thing and [01:11:23] that God's message is unified across all [01:11:26] of them. The problem with that is that [01:11:29] we know what the Torah and the Gospel [01:11:30] looked like in the 7th century in [01:11:32] Muhammad's day. It doesn't look any [01:11:33] different than what we have now. But I [01:11:36] don't think that the I don't see any [01:11:37] evidence that the author of the Quran [01:11:40] knew what the Torah of the gospel Torah [01:11:42] or the Gospel were. So you have [01:11:46] 900 approximately either direct [01:11:48] quotations or illusions of the Old [01:11:51] Testament in the New Testament. In the [01:11:54] Quran, you only have one [01:11:57] in quotation of either the Old or the [01:12:00] New Testament. the lexalion, an eye for [01:12:01] an eye and a tooth for a tooth. So in [01:12:03] terms of the synchronicity [01:12:05] of the Quran to these previous books, [01:12:09] it's lacking to say the least. It's not [01:12:13] an organic cultural document like the [01:12:16] New Testament is. The New Testament was [01:12:18] predominantly written by Jews for Jews [01:12:21] and is saturated in [01:12:24] Hebraic and Jewish and Old Testament [01:12:27] understandings. [01:12:29] If you don't understand something about [01:12:31] what's going on in the New Testament, [01:12:33] going back and reading the Old Testament [01:12:35] might actually help you because there's [01:12:36] just so much symbolism and calling back [01:12:39] to and the gospel authors. Jesus is [01:12:43] paralleled with Moses and David and you [01:12:46] know there all these things but the [01:12:50] author of the Quran I think is aware of [01:12:52] some of these Jewish Christian and [01:12:54] Zoroastrian fables is assuming that [01:12:57] those are what's going on and so he's [01:12:59] baking those into the text maybe with [01:13:01] the implication to kind of woo the [01:13:03] Christians and the Jews to come over to [01:13:04] his side but you see [01:13:08] um so I I I think it's uh there's [01:13:11] there's one passage in the Quran that [01:13:14] says [01:13:16] uh it has this kind of succession [01:13:18] narrative, right? It talks about the [01:13:20] gospel or the the Torah being full of [01:13:22] guidance and light and being given to [01:13:23] Moses and then the the gospel being full [01:13:25] of guidance and light giving given to [01:13:27] Jesus. And then it says, "Let the people [01:13:30] of the gospel judge by what they have [01:13:32] therein." Talking to Christians, right? [01:13:34] Those are the people of the gospel, the [01:13:35] alal. [01:13:37] But if they do not judge by what they [01:13:38] have therein, they are the defiantly [01:13:40] disobedient. [01:13:42] Now in the grammatical context, what [01:13:45] they have therein for the people of the [01:13:47] gospel is the gospel. [01:13:49] So when I'm talking to my Muslim [01:13:52] friends, sometimes I I open to this [01:13:55] passage and I say like, hey, I don't [01:13:57] want to be one of the definantly [01:13:58] disobedient. I I I want to stand before [01:14:01] God and not have that on my shoulders. [01:14:04] However, in order to be obedient to this [01:14:07] passage, and I judge using the gospel, [01:14:11] which it's telling me to do, and I judge [01:14:12] the Quran by the gospel, I find the [01:14:15] Quran doesn't understand the gospel, has [01:14:18] no earthly understanding of what I [01:14:20] believe, and actually denies central [01:14:22] points of it, the divinity of Christ, [01:14:25] the crucifixion. [01:14:27] And so if the Quran is true and it's [01:14:31] telling me to do this, then I have to [01:14:34] conclude that the Quran is false because [01:14:36] it's telling me to do something that's [01:14:37] an impossibility. I cannot judge the [01:14:40] Quran by the gospel and find that the [01:14:42] Quran actually understands what the [01:14:43] gospel is saying. And so this kind of my [01:14:47] Muslim friends often have um large [01:14:50] articulations. What you have in the [01:14:51] gospel isn't what they had in the [01:14:53] gospel. I think that's highly [01:14:55] problematic. [01:14:56] I don't see any reason why um at in the [01:15:00] seventh century a gospel would be any [01:15:02] different than it is to what it is now. [01:15:05] Especially when I mean my in my own [01:15:07] study in manuscript studies I can find [01:15:09] copies of the gospel in Syriak from [01:15:12] Syria in the sixth and seventh centuries [01:15:15] it reads exactly like what my gospel [01:15:17] reads today. So it's not that there's no [01:15:19] evidence for that. Um, [01:15:22] or if that is the case and the Quran [01:15:26] says that nobody can change God's words [01:15:29] and the gospel is God's word, who [01:15:32] changed it? Who was able to kind of [01:15:36] thwart the God of Islam's ability to [01:15:39] preserve his word in that endeavor? He [01:15:42] is either he was either unable to do it [01:15:45] uh or he didn't [01:15:49] do that. And when he says, "No one can [01:15:50] change my words in the Quran," it's not [01:15:52] true. [01:15:53] >> And so ultimately, I think Muslims have [01:15:56] a problem. They're painted into these [01:15:58] corners. They have these passages about [01:16:01] the the Torah and the Gospel, and yet [01:16:03] the Quran doesn't seem to understand [01:16:04] what those are or just flat out [01:16:06] contradict it. The Quran denies the [01:16:08] crucifixion when we know that the [01:16:10] crucifixion happened. And so they're [01:16:12] kind of painted themselves into these [01:16:13] corner corners in defending these [01:16:15] particular [01:16:18] positions [01:16:19] and I just I I don't I don't think that [01:16:22] they can stand up to scrutiny. [01:16:24] That is uh I mean I've not I've never [01:16:26] studied it. I've never read it. I I find [01:16:28] it very interesting how much of the [01:16:31] Bible is in there. That's [01:16:36] Yeah. I mean Jesus is a central figure. [01:16:37] He's even referred to as the Messiah, [01:16:40] although it's ambiguous in Islamic like [01:16:43] understanding what that means. [01:16:45] >> Um, he's he's said to be sinless. He's [01:16:48] said to be virgin born. He's said to be [01:16:50] the one who's going to come back at the [01:16:52] end of time. So, there are all of these [01:16:54] things like Jesus is a prominent [01:16:55] character. Like I said before, I [01:16:56] mentioned 25 times far more than [01:16:58] Muhammad has mentioned. In fact, the [01:17:00] only woman named in the entire Quran is [01:17:02] Mary, the mother of Jesus. And so the [01:17:06] these figures have prominence within the [01:17:08] Islamic holy book, but ultimately they [01:17:10] have no full historical understanding of [01:17:13] who they are. [01:17:14] >> Wow. Very interesting. [01:17:18] >> Well, I want to talk about this miracle [01:17:21] about you walking. [01:17:22] >> Mhm. [01:17:22] >> I didn't you we we kind of talked about [01:17:24] a little bit in the hot question. Can [01:17:26] can we go into that a little bit? [01:17:27] >> Sure. Yeah, let's do it. [01:17:29] >> Yeah. So, I was um just before my 12th [01:17:32] birthday, I was diagnosed with a [01:17:34] condition called acute transverse [01:17:35] myelitis. And so, I had the flu and my [01:17:39] body's immune system in sort of a freak [01:17:43] accident response attacked the nerve [01:17:45] endings at the base of my spinal cord, [01:17:47] the myelin sheath, instead of attacking [01:17:48] the flu. And so, what that caused is [01:17:51] inflammation on the base of my spinal [01:17:53] cord, which severed the communication [01:17:55] between my legs and my brain. And so the [01:17:58] diagnosis um I I literally woke up from [01:18:00] a nap and couldn't feel my legs. And so [01:18:03] >> Wow. You remember this? [01:18:05] >> Oh yeah, very vividly. Yeah. Yeah. Um [01:18:09] the diagnosis was that I would most [01:18:11] likely be a parapolgic for the rest of [01:18:13] my life. So recovery wasn't impossible, [01:18:16] but it was, you know, you're going to [01:18:19] dig in for the long haul kind of deal. [01:18:22] um especially because [01:18:24] transverse myelitis as a condition how [01:18:27] it's been described to me by medical [01:18:29] professionals is that the recovery rate [01:18:33] has a correlation to the quickness of [01:18:38] the actual paralysis. So because mine [01:18:41] was instant, the conclusion was that [01:18:46] the recovery was going to be long and it [01:18:47] was going to be hard. And um the short [01:18:51] story is that 1 month from the day that [01:18:53] I woke up and couldn't feel my legs on [01:18:55] February 8th, I woke up, got out of my [01:18:58] uh bed, and walked over to my [01:18:59] wheelchair. [01:19:05] How did you know to get up? So, it was [01:19:07] kind of instinctual. Um it's a Yeah. How [01:19:11] did I know to get up? I mean, so for one [01:19:13] month, you were paralyzed. For one [01:19:14] month, I was completely paralyzed. No [01:19:16] feeling from the waist down. [01:19:18] Yeah. And um I don't know how long it [01:19:23] was that I sat in my wheelchair until I [01:19:27] realized that I I what I'd done, but I [01:19:32] knew something was different. And I I it [01:19:35] could have been 5 minutes, could have [01:19:36] been 45 minutes. I couldn't actually [01:19:38] tell you how long it was, but eventually [01:19:40] I looked down and I wiggled my toe and [01:19:42] that kind of broke me out of the spell [01:19:45] and I ran upstairs and got my parents. [01:19:48] >> You You ran upstairs? [01:19:50] >> Yeah. [01:19:51] >> Holy [ __ ] [01:19:51] >> Which was preceded by my mom telling me [01:19:53] to run up and down the stairs and [01:19:55] weeping. [01:19:58] >> Yeah. [01:19:59] >> So, you were in bed and you're just [01:20:02] like, I'm gonna get up and walk over to [01:20:03] my wheelchair. I mean, did you [01:20:07] did I mean, did you prepare yourself? [01:20:09] Was there anything or you just did it [01:20:10] not even realizing like? [01:20:13] >> Yeah. What I typically do is I would [01:20:15] like kind of fall out of bed and crawl [01:20:17] over um cuz the wheelchair wasn't far [01:20:20] from my bed. Obviously, it needed to be [01:20:21] in close proximity. But, uh at that at [01:20:24] that point, that's basically what I had [01:20:26] done. I I pull myself up to my [01:20:27] wheelchair. But, um and it was the [01:20:30] doctors that first used the word [01:20:32] miracle. I think my parents are very [01:20:33] hesitant to use that word, but the [01:20:36] medical professionals when they were the [01:20:38] ones who said we really don't have an [01:20:40] explanation [01:20:42] cuz the the inflammation was gone. There [01:20:44] was no evidence of it. [01:20:49] What happened when you sat in the [01:20:51] wheelchair? [01:20:52] Well, I just kind of was trying to [01:20:54] figure out what hap like cuz you know [01:20:56] something is different but you don't [01:21:00] know what it is. It's kind of like, what [01:21:03] do you mean you don't know what it is? [01:21:05] You just got out of bed and walked to [01:21:06] the wheelchair cuz it's so passive [01:21:10] that you don't it's like the the reality [01:21:14] of the situation [01:21:16] it it it precedes like the what is [01:21:21] actually taking place. So, so I couldn't [01:21:25] figure out exactly what had happened, [01:21:28] but I knew something different had [01:21:30] happened. And then it was the process of [01:21:33] looking down and wiggling my toe that [01:21:36] made me realize like [01:21:38] I [01:21:39] >> I can move. [01:21:43] >> Jeez. [01:21:45] And you you then run upstairs. Mhm. [01:21:49] Yeah. And got my parents. [01:21:52] What did your dad say? [01:21:55] Uh you know what? I can't remember what [01:21:58] my dad That's probably a good question [01:22:00] to ask him. I remember my mom cuz she's [01:22:02] very emotional. [01:22:04] Um, but I mean it was pretty surreal. I [01:22:08] think a lot of us were in shock. I I was [01:22:10] I think after the whole paralysis [01:22:13] incident I was in shock for a long time [01:22:16] cuz I remember feeling oddly normal. I [01:22:18] mean there are obvious times there there [01:22:20] were definitely times during that 30 [01:22:22] days where I cried myself to sleep. But [01:22:24] it also was just kind of strangely [01:22:28] you're kind of strangely numb cuz it's [01:22:30] such a drastic change to be told, you [01:22:33] know, you're a healthy child. You're [01:22:34] 11-year-old playing sports, going to [01:22:37] school, hanging out with your friends. [01:22:39] Okay, now you're you're disabled. You're [01:22:42] you're not going to things are going to [01:22:43] look very different. You got to put a [01:22:45] ramp on your house. You know, you can't [01:22:47] get up and down the stairs with like [01:22:50] regularity kind of thing. So it was a [01:22:53] big change and um and I think my parents [01:22:58] and my family in general they were [01:23:01] largely [01:23:02] they were they were kind of you know [01:23:06] accepted of the fact okay this is our [01:23:08] reality now we're going to do everything [01:23:10] we can for this to go well [01:23:15] we're going to we're going to do we're [01:23:16] going to put the ramp on the house we're [01:23:18] going we moved my bedroom to the living [01:23:20] room um cuz I was upstairs. I couldn't [01:23:22] get down up and down the stairs very [01:23:24] easily. And so we were kind of I had [01:23:26] this temporary room downstairs [01:23:29] and uh but there was an acceptance that [01:23:32] this was probably my reality and I was [01:23:35] doing uh physiootherapy but it was kind [01:23:38] of a joke. Um you know what do you do [01:23:40] for a parapillegic? Uh [01:23:44] you know. Yeah. So, so we uh and me we I [01:23:49] was ready to be a parapollegic for the [01:23:52] rest of my life. And I think my my [01:23:53] parents prayer at the time was always [01:23:55] that God would be glorified in the [01:23:56] situation. Not necessarily that I would [01:23:59] be healed. Not that they were against [01:24:02] something miraculous happening, but I [01:24:04] think they their perspective was, you [01:24:07] know, we we God is in control and we can [01:24:12] trust him even when things aren't going [01:24:14] the way we planned or even the way we [01:24:16] understand. [01:24:18] >> Gee, man. Wow. [01:24:21] And nothing I mean nothing [01:24:26] nothing mirac nothing nothing crazy [01:24:28] before you went to bed the night before. [01:24:30] >> No. [01:24:32] >> Wow. Wow. Yeah. And I think that did [01:24:35] mark a very powerful what I would [01:24:37] describe as a supernatural experience in [01:24:40] my life when the medical professionals [01:24:43] said this is your lot. You're going to [01:24:45] be a parapillegic to now I guess you're [01:24:49] walking again. So that that's it's in [01:24:51] some ways it's disorienting. In other [01:24:53] ways I did have a framework for the [01:24:56] transcendent for things that are out of [01:24:59] the ordinary happening. [01:25:01] But it was it was actually connecting [01:25:05] those those the dots between my heart [01:25:07] and my head later on that really made [01:25:10] that more tangible in the intellectual [01:25:12] questions that I was wrestling with [01:25:14] later in my teens to going back and [01:25:17] thinking, you know, I I I can ascribe [01:25:19] this kind of crazy thing that happened [01:25:22] to me as a child to something tangible. [01:25:24] It's not just a random fluke. It's not [01:25:26] just, you know, strange things happen, [01:25:29] no explanation. Uh I I I I can assign it [01:25:34] to an actual individual in this case, [01:25:37] right? God who operates in time and [01:25:40] space and history and does things out of [01:25:42] the ordinary. [01:25:45] Man, that is amazing. [01:25:48] Wow. What I mean, do you remember uh [01:25:51] meeting the doctor? Yeah. would I mean [01:25:55] you did you walk into his office? [01:25:57] >> Mhm. Yeah, we did a scheduled [01:25:59] appointment. I believe it was scheduled [01:26:00] uh like like regularly scheduled [01:26:02] appointment shortly after uh I could [01:26:04] walk and I Yeah, I walked in. I was [01:26:06] wearing these really big rain boots. I [01:26:08] don't know why I was wearing them. I [01:26:09] don't think it was raining. Um and they [01:26:10] got me to run up and down the hall and I [01:26:12] remember cuz the rain boots were like a [01:26:14] little bit too big and they were like [01:26:16] not just awkward but running up and down [01:26:19] the hallway for the doctor. [01:26:23] That's amazing. [01:26:25] What did he I mean, what did he What did [01:26:27] he say? This is a miracle. We have no [01:26:30] medical explanation. I believe I'd have [01:26:32] to double check. I have my mom's journal [01:26:34] entries from that time. She photocopied [01:26:36] them all for me. Um, but they definitely [01:26:38] the doctor was the first one to drop the [01:26:40] word miracle. And I could I I think I'm [01:26:45] remembering this correctly. the do one [01:26:46] of the doctors cuz there were a number [01:26:48] of specialists that were assigned to my [01:26:49] particular case said what did you do and [01:26:52] my mom said we prayed and I can't [01:26:56] remember if the story is that they went [01:26:57] off and printed a list of the other kids [01:26:59] in the intensive care unit said can you [01:27:01] pray for these or just said like you [01:27:03] should pray for the other kids in here [01:27:05] it was something like that in her [01:27:07] journal entry because they were like [01:27:11] >> something happened [01:27:13] that is wild that just I mean did you [01:27:18] were you at full faith back then at 11? [01:27:21] >> As much as an 11-year-old can be. [01:27:23] >> That's kind of what I'm getting at. [01:27:24] >> Yeah. I mean I think I made like I made [01:27:28] a conscious decision that I believe was [01:27:30] genuine when I was six [01:27:33] as much as a six-year-old can like in my [01:27:36] limited understanding of reality and the [01:27:40] world. And I think I did I remember [01:27:43] sitting on my bedroom floor and feeling [01:27:47] like I need God. I I I need God to to [01:27:54] rescue me to to to lead me in this life. [01:27:57] And that [01:27:57] >> age six [01:27:58] >> age six. Yeah. Yeah. And and that being [01:28:01] real and I mean that doesn't mean that I [01:28:04] wasn't like when I was a teenager I did [01:28:06] go through a period of if you want to [01:28:08] call it deconstruction or whatever. I I [01:28:12] wasn't an abandonment of my faith. It [01:28:14] wasn't a a crisis of faith. I think [01:28:17] those are too strong for what was [01:28:20] actually I was experiencing. But I was I [01:28:22] was investigating. I figured, you know, [01:28:24] okay, my parents raised me to believe [01:28:25] something. Do I believe it based on the [01:28:28] fact that they told me to? Now, I don't [01:28:29] think that's a bad reason. I want my [01:28:32] kids to believe what I tell them, right? [01:28:34] >> Mhm. [01:28:34] >> But I think everybody at some point goes [01:28:36] through a period of time where they kind [01:28:40] of have to figure out where the dividing [01:28:43] lines are between their parents and [01:28:45] them. And part of that for me was [01:28:50] an investigation of, okay, [01:28:54] what does the Quran say? What does the [01:28:56] Bavagita say? What does the Book of [01:28:58] Mormon say? What does what do are what [01:29:01] are atheists writing about that maybe [01:29:04] has some credibility? And I did, you [01:29:07] know, dig into those because I wanted to [01:29:11] be honest with the fact that believing a [01:29:16] lie, even if it's a convenient lie, is [01:29:18] still not worth believing. [01:29:19] >> Mhm. [01:29:20] >> And I want I wanted to follow what was [01:29:23] true. And so if I was living a delusion, [01:29:28] to some degree, I didn't think I was, [01:29:30] but if I was, I wanted to at least be [01:29:33] aware of what that delusion was and what [01:29:37] maybe was a better explanation for the [01:29:39] world around me, right? So, you'd think [01:29:41] that that powerful supernatural [01:29:42] experience as a child would have [01:29:43] solidified something. And it definitely [01:29:46] was a a piece of the puzzle, but I think [01:29:48] I still needed [01:29:50] to remedy the intellectual questions [01:29:53] that I had that were different than the [01:29:55] ones I was asking as an 11-year-old. [01:29:56] When I was 11, I was up at night with [01:30:00] the why me questions. You know, I'm a [01:30:02] I'm a good kid. My parents are good [01:30:04] people. Why is this happening to me? But [01:30:07] when I was a teenager, it was more did [01:30:09] Jesus actually exist? Like what's what's [01:30:12] this thing? Can I believe this? like [01:30:14] 2,000 years old and I'm trying to live [01:30:17] my life by it. What what what are the [01:30:20] what are the evidences? What are the [01:30:23] reasons? What are what are the data [01:30:26] points that point that to me? Cuz [01:30:28] ultimately, I think [01:30:31] the worldview and the Christian [01:30:32] worldview, it it's existentially [01:30:35] satisfying. Uh but it's also [01:30:37] intellectually robust and that there's a [01:30:40] cumulative case of all sorts of things [01:30:42] whether that's historical or [01:30:43] philosophical or um sociological [01:30:47] that contribute to the truth claims that [01:30:50] it's ultimately making about who we are, [01:30:54] why we're here, where we going. [01:30:57] Questions that all humanity has always [01:30:58] asked themselves. But it's because I [01:31:01] think those are imprinted on our our [01:31:02] being on our soul as imagebearers of [01:31:06] God. But it was exploring those in the [01:31:10] capacity that I I I as a teenager could [01:31:13] explore in the same way that you know [01:31:15] the commitment that I made at 6 years [01:31:17] old I believe was genuine. [01:31:19] And the investigation that I did when I [01:31:22] was 17 or 18 years old was genuine. And [01:31:24] that that's just grown, right, as I've [01:31:27] been exposed to more, been given the [01:31:30] opportunity to research, to investigate, [01:31:34] to learn, to grow. Um, I think that's [01:31:37] only [01:31:39] operated to bolster my belief. Doesn't [01:31:42] mean that there haven't been times where [01:31:44] I've questioned things or thought, you [01:31:45] know, is this is this really all true? [01:31:49] But [01:31:50] >> what are some of the things in there [01:31:51] that you thought were hard to find true? [01:31:54] hard to find. True. [01:31:55] >> She struggled with personally. [01:31:56] >> Yeah. I mean, I think what we were [01:31:58] talking about before the the the problem [01:32:00] of pain and suffering, I think, is a [01:32:02] genuinely good objection to Christianity [01:32:05] because it's far it's it goes beyond an [01:32:07] intellectual question. It's a it's a [01:32:10] personal question. [01:32:12] It it it speaks to us in a way that [01:32:17] a very tidy theological or philosophical [01:32:20] answer might not actually suffice. you [01:32:22] know, if I'm hurting, if I have a child [01:32:26] or a family member or someone who's [01:32:29] close to me, if they're sick, if they're [01:32:30] dying, if something if a tragic accident [01:32:33] happens, um it's hard to to to really [01:32:38] wrestle with that. And that's why I [01:32:40] think, you know, what we're talking [01:32:40] about before, the Psalm 22, my God, my [01:32:43] God, why have you forsaken me? In one [01:32:45] way, I think the transparency and the [01:32:48] honesty of scripture is something that I [01:32:49] want to align myself with because it [01:32:52] speaks to the reality of [01:32:55] uh when I hurt, [01:32:58] there's something there that I can that [01:33:01] I can reach out to. God is not afraid of [01:33:03] our objections, of our doubts, of our [01:33:06] insecurities. And that's been very [01:33:08] comforting to me, especially this [01:33:10] previous year. my my uh my 2-year-old [01:33:15] daughter uh was having seizures. Uh we [01:33:18] almost lost her at one point. Um this [01:33:21] last fall she was uh hit by a distracted [01:33:25] driver while we were crossing the road. [01:33:27] and nightmare situations for me as a [01:33:30] father, like to sit in a hospital room [01:33:33] with my wife thinking we're going to [01:33:36] lose our daughter, [01:33:38] and yet to still believe that God is in [01:33:41] control, that God is good, that, you [01:33:46] know, we're going to get through this [01:33:48] because [01:33:50] God is with us. In the midst of that, I [01:33:53] think that goes beyond any like the the [01:33:56] the personal existential [01:34:01] struggle [01:34:02] is hard. But the personal existential [01:34:06] comfort is also very very comforting in [01:34:10] in a lot of those moments, you know, to [01:34:13] to give up my desire for control and [01:34:16] say, "Listen, there's nothing I could [01:34:17] do. The doctors are running around. and [01:34:19] they're intubating her. They're, you [01:34:21] know, she's a I could see her heartbeat [01:34:24] being a regular and and saying like, [01:34:27] "God, I don't know. I don't know what's [01:34:29] going to happen here." And yet, there [01:34:33] could still be peace in that despite [01:34:35] that. And if it that had gone south, I [01:34:38] could rest in that God is good and that [01:34:41] he has a perfect plan even if I don't [01:34:44] understand it. But it's those questions [01:34:46] that sometimes genuinely make me feel [01:34:48] like, man, I wish I understood what's [01:34:51] going on here. I wish I wish I could [01:34:55] figure out why God allows these things [01:34:57] to happen cuz I I don't know. I'll give [01:34:59] you another example. After I experienced [01:35:02] my my healing, I encountered people who [01:35:06] were sick and who were say themselves [01:35:10] like quadripollegics. [01:35:13] And to wrestle with, okay, I believe you [01:35:17] healed me, but what about that guy? Like [01:35:20] why why did you choose? It's almost like [01:35:23] a survivor's guilt. What about them? [01:35:26] Why? Why are they still in in their [01:35:29] particular predicament? I don't I don't [01:35:32] have an answer to that. And and that's [01:35:34] that's a hard one to reconcile, [01:35:37] but [01:35:38] I have enough to rest on that I know [01:35:42] that God is good. I know that the [01:35:45] Christian worldview is true. And I know [01:35:48] that despite what my maybe fleeting or [01:35:53] subjective insecurities are about those [01:35:54] things and there's a comfort in that as [01:35:58] well. [01:36:03] Did you struggle a lot when you were [01:36:04] dealing that with your daughter with [01:36:06] your faith or it was rock solid by then? [01:36:08] >> I mean I think I think we all struggle [01:36:10] in different capacities, right? Like [01:36:13] >> you still struggle with all the research [01:36:15] you've done. Dead Sea Scrolls, [01:36:17] everything. You still struggle. Well, I [01:36:19] think you know the the human condition [01:36:20] is that we're fickle. [01:36:23] >> And nobody is bulletproof. [01:36:26] And the like I said before, like this [01:36:29] world is beautiful, but it's also [01:36:31] profoundly broken. And I think we're [01:36:33] supposed to feel that brokenness. Like [01:36:35] that lump that's in my throat. I believe [01:36:38] God put that there because I think the [01:36:41] God who is himself worried about things [01:36:45] like hope and justice, [01:36:47] he's instilled us with a desire to also [01:36:53] be concerned with justice, be concerned [01:36:56] with injustice, be concerned with hurt [01:37:00] and the brokenness. And like we can say [01:37:02] all day long, God, why don't you do [01:37:04] something? But I think God could equally [01:37:07] say you can do something too. You know, [01:37:10] I've given you faculties and abilities [01:37:12] and this this world is not moving [01:37:15] without your contribution to it. And [01:37:18] that's why we're we're called to go out [01:37:21] into the world to make disciples of all [01:37:23] nations because our actions mean [01:37:24] something. And does that mean that you [01:37:28] know I don't wake up in the morning and [01:37:30] really struggle with this thing or that [01:37:32] thing? No. I there there are periods of [01:37:35] my life, periods of time where I just [01:37:39] sit down and think like, man, I don't [01:37:42] know. I don't know what's going on here. [01:37:44] But when I have those moments, I think [01:37:48] falling back onto [01:37:51] the foundation of the investigation that [01:37:55] I have done, you know, I think that the [01:37:58] publicly available evidence points to [01:38:00] the truthfulness of the Christian [01:38:02] worldview to the degree that you would [01:38:07] have to [01:38:09] move so much evidence out of the way to [01:38:11] make me not believe it at this [01:38:14] that even when I don't understand [01:38:17] something, I can trust that maybe God [01:38:20] knows something I don't. [01:38:22] And there's there's a level of [01:38:27] giving up control in those moments that [01:38:30] I think is appropriate. not giving up [01:38:33] control in that, you know, I'm just [01:38:35] turning my brain off and I'm, you know, [01:38:38] uh, gonna I'm just a robot at that [01:38:41] point, but that [01:38:44] God calls me personally [01:38:48] and understands me personally because he [01:38:51] knit me together in my mother's womb. [01:38:54] And [01:38:55] there's there's a an intimacy there that [01:39:00] exists. The God of the Bible is, you [01:39:02] know, I sometimes say, you know, when [01:39:04] God revealed himself to the patriarchs, [01:39:07] to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, to Moses, [01:39:10] he didn't say, you know, I'm the all [01:39:12] knowing, all powerful, all everywhere [01:39:14] God. He said, I'm the God of Abraham, [01:39:15] Isaac, and Jacob. I'm the God [01:39:17] relationally. I'm making a covenant. I'm [01:39:19] making an agreement. I'm making a [01:39:20] promise with my people. And then that al [01:39:23] ultimately culminates in him stepping [01:39:25] into time in reality [01:39:27] in Jesus and having friends, having [01:39:30] colleagues and laughing and traveling [01:39:33] and crying and experiencing all of those [01:39:36] things. I think that there's there's [01:39:38] there's something that sets apart the [01:39:40] Christian worldview with Jesus, that [01:39:42] he's a real person [01:39:44] that really lived that we can point to. [01:39:48] You know, in one sense, if the Buddha [01:39:51] didn't exist, you could still [01:39:52] technically have Buddhism. You could [01:39:54] have the philosophies. You could have [01:39:56] the noble truths and, you know, the path [01:39:58] and all of those things. It didn't have [01:40:01] to be Gutarmas Sedartha who who who came [01:40:04] up with those things. Could have been [01:40:05] anybody. And likewise in Islam, it it [01:40:09] could have been anybody. It didn't have [01:40:10] to be Muhammad. The God of Islam could [01:40:13] have chosen any person to be the prophet [01:40:16] that he revealed his truth to. But it [01:40:18] does have to be Jesus. [01:40:20] >> It cannot be anybody else. And there's a [01:40:24] historical grounding of the Christian [01:40:26] faith that the tomb is either empty or [01:40:30] it's not. And if it's empty, now CS [01:40:33] Lewis, who I referenced before, he said, [01:40:35] "Christianity of true is of infinitely [01:40:37] importance. If it's not true, is of no [01:40:40] importance. The only thing it cannot be [01:40:42] is moderately important." [01:40:45] And he's famous for the whole liar, [01:40:46] lunatic, or lord kind of trilmma. [01:40:50] >> If you look at what Jesus did and what [01:40:52] he said about himself, he's either a [01:40:54] liar and a con man. He's either a [01:40:57] lunatic and he's crazy or he's the [01:41:00] creator of the universe and he's Lord. [01:41:02] Now, we could also add one more legend. [01:41:05] We could say, well, he's just, you know, [01:41:07] he's just a good figure. He's just a [01:41:10] good person to pattern our lives after. [01:41:12] I I don't actually think Jesus gives you [01:41:14] the room to to to look at him like that [01:41:18] because Jesus didn't just say here's a [01:41:20] philosophy to live by. He said I am the [01:41:23] way, the truth, and the life. No one [01:41:25] comes to the father but through me. And [01:41:27] if you don't believe that I am invoking [01:41:29] the divine name from the Old Testament, [01:41:30] then you will die in your sins. You [01:41:32] know, he doesn't give us the room to [01:41:35] just say you're a good example. You [01:41:37] know, I said this on Rogan where I said, [01:41:41] you know, if Jesus is just a pattern, [01:41:45] then you don't need a savior because you [01:41:47] can do it yourself. [01:41:49] You just need an example. If it's if [01:41:52] Jesus is only an example to live by, [01:41:54] then all you need to do is, you know, [01:41:57] tie up your boots a little tighter and [01:41:59] do better. [01:42:01] But [01:42:03] the sacrifice of Jesus on the cross [01:42:05] wasn't because Jesus came to show us how [01:42:07] to live. It was to live the life we [01:42:09] couldn't live. [01:42:11] And on that basis, like I said before, [01:42:13] you're saved by works, but it's Jesus's [01:42:16] work. It's not yours. [01:42:25] I want to talk about I don't know what [01:42:27] you call it but we and I wanted to bring [01:42:29] this up earlier when we were talking [01:42:31] about um all the other stuff all the [01:42:35] reform reform [01:42:38] >> what is it Christian what Jeremy told me [01:42:42] about this [01:42:43] >> the reformers the reformation [01:42:46] >> you're you have some kind of reform am I [01:42:49] wrong [01:42:50] >> yeah so I'm I'm part of kind of a [01:42:52] tradition of Protestant Christianity [01:42:54] that would typically be referred to as [01:42:55] reformed or capital R reformed. And so [01:42:58] what that is is it's uh going back to [01:43:02] the Protestant Reformation. So [01:43:04] individuals like Luther and Calvin and [01:43:06] Zwingley and Meunkan who were [01:43:10] there were there were protoreformers [01:43:12] there were individuals prior to that [01:43:13] John Hus and um John Wickliffe. [01:43:17] Um and what that period of time is in [01:43:20] the Protestant Reformation was it was a [01:43:23] number of individuals who were looking [01:43:26] at the church around them and they were [01:43:28] saying you know there have been these [01:43:30] traditions that have developed these [01:43:32] accretions over time and we need to get [01:43:35] back to the gospel. We need to get back [01:43:38] to primitive Christianity. There was a [01:43:41] lot of things that were had taken place [01:43:43] in the middle ages. a lot of corruption [01:43:45] within the church hierarchy. Um there [01:43:47] were a number of popes who basically [01:43:49] bought themselves into the position of [01:43:51] the papacy and you had [01:43:55] um uh children out of wedlock and all [01:43:58] these sorts of things. It was a little [01:44:00] bit of a of a crazy time. And there was [01:44:03] what kind of spawned that the the [01:44:07] in [01:44:09] uh the what we typically mark as the [01:44:13] beginning of the Protestant Reformation [01:44:15] is uh 1517 when Martin Luther nails his [01:44:18] 95 thesis to the door the chapel door of [01:44:22] the um castle church in Vittenberg, [01:44:24] Germany. So that's kind of this [01:44:26] placeholder marker as the beginning of [01:44:27] the reformation. [01:44:29] uh in in in a historical sense, what [01:44:31] Luther did wasn't actually all that odd. [01:44:34] You know, nowadays, uh the equivalent of [01:44:37] going to a football game now in uh [01:44:39] Vittenberg, Germany in the 16th century [01:44:42] was that one theologian would put up [01:44:45] their debate challenge on the door and [01:44:47] another theologian would take it up and [01:44:48] they'd go to the pub and they would [01:44:50] debate. They'd go back and forth. And so [01:44:52] in a very practical sense, Luther wasn't [01:44:55] doing like this wasn't an act of [01:44:57] vandalism by nailing something to a [01:44:59] door. And he actually could have very [01:45:01] well pasted it, but the nailing and the [01:45:04] hammer makes a a good image. [01:45:06] >> Um, [01:45:07] >> but what he was doing was he was [01:45:09] challenging the church and particularly [01:45:11] the pope's authority to forgive sins in [01:45:15] what are referred to as indulgences. So [01:45:18] there's this idea, I'll try not to go [01:45:21] into too much detail about like the [01:45:23] treasury of merit, but the idea is that [01:45:26] you can by giving money to the church, [01:45:31] buy [01:45:32] forgiveness of sins to get yourselves so [01:45:35] many years off of purgatory. [01:45:38] >> So in this particular time, there was a [01:45:40] lot of corruption in that they were [01:45:42] trying to rebuild St. Peter's Cathedral [01:45:44] in Rome. And one of the ways they did [01:45:46] this was that they sent these [01:45:48] individuals out who were basically [01:45:49] salesmen. And there was a saying uh when [01:45:52] a when a a coin in the coffer rings a [01:45:55] soul from purgatory springs. And the [01:45:57] idea was that you know you give your [01:45:59] money and you can get either your family [01:46:02] members who have passed away or maybe [01:46:04] you in the future time off of purgatory. [01:46:07] And so Luther is looking at this and [01:46:08] he's seeing people being taken advantage [01:46:10] of. At this point he is uh he's a [01:46:13] professor. He's teaching at the [01:46:14] seminary. Um, but he's also a minister. [01:46:17] He's a priest in the church in in [01:46:18] Pittenberg. And he sees this and he he's [01:46:20] seeing this as people who don't really [01:46:23] have the means to give being taken [01:46:25] advantage of for the purpose of [01:46:28] rebuilding the St. St. Peter's um in [01:46:31] Rome. And so he writes up these thesis [01:46:35] and uh part and parcel to it is that [01:46:38] he's saying if the pope has the [01:46:40] authority to forgive sins, why doesn't [01:46:42] he just do it? If he can pull people out [01:46:45] of purgatory by the grace and loving [01:46:47] kindness that he possesses, why doesn't [01:46:50] he just do it? Why do you have to pay [01:46:52] him? Now, that's an kind of an [01:46:54] oversimplification of the 95 [01:46:56] articulations of what he puts, but [01:46:58] that's a big part of it. And this gets [01:46:59] him in trouble. it gets him in trouble [01:47:02] because he's really pushing against um [01:47:05] >> it's making sense. [01:47:06] >> Yeah, I think that's part of it. And [01:47:08] also he was at a very advantageous time. [01:47:11] The printing press had just taken off. [01:47:13] So, it's not that there were other there [01:47:15] weren't other people who were [01:47:16] challenging the Pope's authority or the [01:47:18] magisterium's ability, but because [01:47:22] people then take his writings and they [01:47:25] print them and through technology are [01:47:28] able to get this out and it's just, you [01:47:30] know, it catches wildfire. Now, all of a [01:47:32] sudden, Luther's teachings are all over [01:47:35] Europe. And so the availability of the [01:47:38] technological advancement aids the the [01:47:41] change and the questioning and all of [01:47:43] these things. Well, so Luther is kind of [01:47:46] championed with starting some of this [01:47:48] and then that that proceeds into more [01:47:51] and more and even the questioning of [01:47:54] okay at the time the Bible is primarily [01:47:57] read in Latin. It's not widely available [01:48:00] in the vernacular of the people. And so [01:48:02] Luther endeavors to translate the Bible [01:48:04] into German into the language that [01:48:06] people can read. And this is also seen [01:48:08] as controversial because the ley are not [01:48:12] uh seen as being able to properly [01:48:15] interpret the word of God. You need kind [01:48:17] of the intermediaries of the priests and [01:48:20] and the the powers that be to tell you [01:48:22] exactly what's going on. And so these [01:48:25] individuals are called the reformers. [01:48:27] They're reforming the church to go back. [01:48:30] So there are these things. It's like a [01:48:32] tree and moss has grown all over it. And [01:48:35] Luther is looking at this and he's [01:48:37] saying, "There's a tree in there and [01:48:38] it's a good tree and it's a healthy tree [01:48:40] and it's a beautiful tree. Let's just [01:48:42] shave all that moss off." All of these [01:48:44] traditions that we've developed. And so [01:48:47] the kind of cries of the reformation are [01:48:50] scripture alone, uh, faith alone, by [01:48:53] grace alone, to the glory of God alone. [01:48:55] I actually have it inscribed on the side [01:48:56] of my Bible right here. Solar scriptura, [01:48:58] solar gracia, solid solar, sol gloria, [01:49:02] right? Scripture alone uh grace alone, [01:49:05] faith alone in Christ alone to the glory [01:49:07] of God alone. [01:49:08] >> Wow. [01:49:08] >> And that that was the cry of the [01:49:10] reformation is that [01:49:12] they were saying I mean those ideas kind [01:49:14] of got articulated in those Latin [01:49:16] phrases a little bit later on. But the [01:49:18] idea is that scripture is unique in that [01:49:21] it is the voice of God. It's unique in [01:49:24] what it is and what it does. And that [01:49:26] that doesn't mean the tradition is not [01:49:28] important. That doesn't mean that the [01:49:29] church is not important. But it means [01:49:31] that scripture is our only sole [01:49:34] infallible rule of faith and practice [01:49:36] for the church. That if you have a [01:49:39] tradition, but the tradition contradicts [01:49:43] or contravenes scripture, then you go to [01:49:46] scripture. [01:49:48] You don't the the tradition is not on [01:49:51] the same par. Whereas in the Catholic [01:49:54] Church then and now, you do have the [01:49:57] understanding of an infallible church, [01:49:59] an infallible magisterium and an [01:50:02] infallible scripture, but they're on [01:50:04] more of an even playing field. And so [01:50:06] the the Protestant Reformation said, [01:50:09] "No, no, no. [01:50:11] Councils heir, popes heir, people heir, [01:50:16] God doesn't heir, and so let's go to [01:50:18] scripture. Let's go to that which is [01:50:20] infallible. Let's make sure we're doing [01:50:22] our due diligence. You know, this didn't [01:50:24] make everyone a pope to themselves. We [01:50:26] we still you have to read it within a [01:50:28] proper understanding of the context and [01:50:29] the history. There's a meaning to the [01:50:31] text and you have to do your due [01:50:32] diligence to get to that meaning, but [01:50:35] ultimately [01:50:37] in what this is and what it does, it's [01:50:39] unique. It has an ontological status of [01:50:43] of of what it is and it being that is as [01:50:47] as [01:50:49] uh Peter says this um all scripture is [01:50:53] this there's this Greek word they uses [01:50:54] theopnosttoas god breathed [01:50:57] and so that's that's different [01:51:00] and I had a systematic theology [01:51:03] professor when I was in grad school who [01:51:05] always said tradition has a voice and [01:51:08] emotion has a [01:51:10] They have a voice and they have a vote [01:51:13] but scripture has the veto because [01:51:15] scripture is the one that comes it or [01:51:19] origination is God alone. And so in that [01:51:22] sense the reformed tradition following [01:51:25] guys like Luther and Calvin and others [01:51:29] uh is the tradition within historical [01:51:31] Protestantism that tries to focus on [01:51:35] that. Those are the ideals of you know [01:51:38] this is this is our plum line. [01:51:41] Everything else is measured against this [01:51:43] and people can get it wrong. Church [01:51:46] leaders can get it wrong. Popes can get [01:51:48] it wrong and they do and they will. But [01:51:53] if this properly understood within its [01:51:56] historical context [01:51:58] within digging into what it's actually [01:52:00] intending to say the author had an [01:52:02] intention. There are many applications [01:52:04] but there's only one intention of the [01:52:06] text in so far as it is communicated by [01:52:09] the author the human author inspired by [01:52:11] God. [01:52:12] >> Mhm. [01:52:13] >> But [01:52:14] that's kind of a brief overview maybe [01:52:18] insufficient um of kind of the tradition [01:52:20] that I I find myself in. I am a a [01:52:23] Baptist and I'm reformed. [01:52:25] >> You try to go all the way back to what [01:52:28] it was written. [01:52:29] >> Yeah. I mean ultimately I the thing [01:52:31] that's different about say the [01:52:33] Protestant tradition that's different [01:52:34] from maybe the Greek Orthodox tradition [01:52:36] or the Roman Catholic tradition is that [01:52:38] Protestants aren't attempting to look at [01:52:41] the church within say the first hundred [01:52:42] years and say they need to look exactly [01:52:46] like me, right? Like my church needs to [01:52:49] look like a first century Galilean [01:52:52] church. [01:52:53] >> I don't I don't that's not the claim. [01:52:55] and and [01:52:57] it is in one sense the claim of Roman [01:52:59] Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy and [01:53:01] often kind of the accusation is that [01:53:03] you're not going to find any one who [01:53:04] looks like a Protestant within the early [01:53:06] church. I don't I think that's an [01:53:08] overgeneralization. Um but the claim is [01:53:11] not [01:53:13] do the traditions that the Protestants [01:53:16] adhere to within their church practice [01:53:18] mirror exactly what the like a church in [01:53:23] the first, second, third century looked [01:53:25] like as much as it is are our beliefs at [01:53:29] their central points of understanding [01:53:33] and articulation that which the early [01:53:35] church articulated primarily from here. [01:53:37] Right? Because even, you know, even Paul [01:53:40] writes to the churches [01:53:42] in they're included in scripture. He [01:53:44] writes to the church in Corenth and [01:53:46] says, "Listen, you're getting stuff [01:53:47] wrong. Stop it." Right? So, it's not [01:53:50] like if it's earlier, it's better [01:53:52] necessarily. [01:53:54] >> We're still going to get wrong things [01:53:55] wrong. Right? Paul writes and he says, [01:53:57] "There's a guy in your congregation. [01:53:58] He's sleeping with his he's sleeping [01:54:00] with his, you know, mother-in-law. Stop [01:54:03] it. That's that's gross. It's evil." And [01:54:06] so it's it's that there's a constant [01:54:10] needing to be shaped by the word of God [01:54:13] and let the central teachings of what [01:54:16] God has inspired [01:54:18] be that thing which which draws us [01:54:21] together. Oh good. [01:54:25] Wow. [01:54:28] I'm learning a lot. Learning a lot [01:54:31] today. Wesley, let's take one more break [01:54:33] and then I want to get into uh Dead Sea [01:54:35] Scrolls. [01:54:35] >> Let's do it. [01:54:39] >> Every line on your face tells a story. [01:54:41] Some of those stories are earned and [01:54:43] some are just bad sleep and too much [01:54:45] sun. I'm not trying to turn back time. I [01:54:48] just don't need my face looking more [01:54:50] beat up than I actually am. And that's [01:54:52] why I use Calera Lab. 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Join us on Patreon [01:56:38] now. Support the mission and become part [01:56:40] of the Shaun Ryan Show's story. All [01:56:45] right, Wes, we're back from the break [01:56:47] getting ready to dive into the Dead Sea [01:56:49] Scrolls. But we had we had a uh another [01:56:52] offline conversation. I love these turns [01:56:54] into rabbit holes. But we had we had an [01:56:56] offline conversation about uh in vitro [01:57:00] and that kind of got mind mind triggered [01:57:04] into you know there's a lot of new [01:57:06] things that are happening nowadays that [01:57:09] with with advances in technology that [01:57:12] just [01:57:14] weren't even a possibility or even a in [01:57:16] in anybody's mind back then I would I [01:57:19] would imagine in vitro being one of [01:57:20] them. um sex changes, [01:57:25] AI, like there's a whole slew of [01:57:29] >> possibilities [01:57:32] in present day that were not there back [01:57:34] then. And so I'm just I'm just curious. [01:57:36] I mean, with the in vitro thing, you [01:57:39] know, we just had that discussion. We [01:57:41] don't have to get into it if you don't [01:57:42] want to or we can. But but [01:57:45] point being with all these new advances [01:57:47] in technology and it's it's it is I mean [01:57:51] [ __ ] I don't know what you would call it [01:57:53] other than creation [01:57:55] >> but [01:57:56] it where do you send people to for [01:58:00] guidance for moral guidance on on any [01:58:04] one of these subjects? [01:58:05] >> Yeah. And there's a lot more that I that [01:58:07] I didn't mention that [01:58:08] >> of course I mean AI alone right when [01:58:10] we're talking about there are all sorts [01:58:12] of questions about consciousness in [01:58:16] regards to what we're looking at with AI [01:58:19] like is AI is it solving the touring [01:58:22] test? Can it it recognize its own [01:58:24] existence and reality? And it's there [01:58:28] have been examples I think all [01:58:29] throughout history of things that are [01:58:31] spoken to directly within scripture. And [01:58:34] so it's easy when we we're talking about [01:58:36] moral prescriptions to just go to the [01:58:39] place where the moral prescriptions [01:58:41] apply and do this, don't do this, that [01:58:44] kind of thing. But [01:58:47] there are so many things that are in [01:58:51] these weird gray areas that like whether [01:58:54] you're talking about pastors or [01:58:56] counselors or theologians or whoever, [01:58:58] it's it's really hard to try to pin [01:59:01] down. There isn't just an easy do this, [01:59:04] don't do this. Here's what the outline [01:59:07] says. You know, off off air arrow is [01:59:08] saying you don't you don't open to [01:59:10] second opinions chapter 3. And you have [01:59:12] that section on the exact thing you're [01:59:14] looking for. But I think what what's [01:59:18] interesting about the Bible is that [01:59:20] despite it being, you know, its most [01:59:21] recent book being 2,000 years old, it's [01:59:24] still informing our mor moral basis for [01:59:27] so many things. We're still using it in [01:59:30] some ways as the guiding principles [01:59:33] because it provides an objective [01:59:37] framework to understand, you know, [01:59:39] whether that's when life begins or [01:59:42] things like consciousness or purpose or [01:59:45] meaning or identity and how we [01:59:48] understand things. So I think that [01:59:50] though there are issues that don't [01:59:51] aren't spoken to directly, we can look [01:59:54] at examples that relate to some of the [02:00:00] very different very not even within the [02:00:03] consciousness of a first century author. [02:00:06] >> Mhm. [02:00:07] >> But yet morality hasn't changed. Good is [02:00:13] good and bad is bad. And there's still [02:00:17] things that we need to parse through and [02:00:19] figure out how do we figure out the [02:00:22] intricacies of that. And I think that's [02:00:24] where something like scripture can give [02:00:26] us guiding principles to the best of our [02:00:31] ability [02:00:33] try to speak into those situations. It's [02:00:35] not always straightforward. [02:00:37] >> Yeah. I mean [02:00:40] I don't think any of the thing I think [02:00:42] one of them's pretty straightforward. I [02:00:43] don't think the other ones are very [02:00:45] straightforward. I think I mean I don't [02:00:47] think in vitro is I don't know, you [02:00:51] know, I don't know what I honestly I [02:00:52] didn't know what I thought about it [02:00:53] until about 20 minutes ago, [02:00:55] >> right? [02:00:55] >> You know, and then I thought I was like, [02:00:57] "Huh, that's an interesting question." [02:01:00] >> Mhm. [02:01:00] >> You know, and I mean there's actually [02:01:03] something has come up in my own life. I [02:01:04] mean, I've I've uh I talk a lot about [02:01:06] defense tech here and I've got the [02:01:09] opportunities to invest in some major [02:01:12] >> defense tech firms [02:01:13] >> and I thought uh or companies and I [02:01:16] thought after the after I made the [02:01:19] investments I was [02:01:21] >> actually there was one pending but I had [02:01:24] already invested in in uh in another one [02:01:27] in a defense tech ind [02:01:29] >> but then I then the question after I did [02:01:32] it popped up into my said, "Shit, [02:01:36] should I have invested in this?" [02:01:38] >> M [02:01:39] >> this is I mean, what do we use these [02:01:42] things for? [02:01:42] >> Yeah. Yeah. [02:01:43] >> And then in the same on the other hand, [02:01:45] it's like, well, yeah, I should have [02:01:47] invested in this because this might be [02:01:49] the very same damn thing that saves my [02:01:51] kids' way of life, right? [02:01:53] >> You know, in the future. And so it's but [02:01:55] it's a question that [02:01:58] I don't know if I could find the answer [02:01:59] to uh in there because they didn't have [02:02:02] defense tech firms back then and I don't [02:02:04] know if you could even invest in I don't [02:02:07] know a spear maker. [02:02:09] >> Yeah. [02:02:09] >> Yeah. Well, you know what? It's [02:02:10] interesting. You do have similar [02:02:12] conversations within the early church [02:02:13] period because you have um say Roman [02:02:17] soldiers who come to faith and you do [02:02:19] have uh in instances where say uh [02:02:23] especially in the time of Augustine, St. [02:02:25] Augustine where you have the [02:02:28] conversations if you are a Roman soldier [02:02:31] and you've now come to faith, can you [02:02:33] really be integrated into the Christian [02:02:36] community? And that's where the whole [02:02:37] concept of just war theory particularly [02:02:41] fleshed out by St. Augustine comes into [02:02:43] purview where you know when is it right [02:02:46] to fight? [02:02:47] >> Mhm. [02:02:48] >> What what do we what do we truly [02:02:51] understand contextually about a passage [02:02:53] like turn the other cheek? What does [02:02:55] that mean? Is it you know always be [02:02:57] passive? is is um [02:03:02] you know a complete uh cessation of any [02:03:05] type of self-defense what scripture is [02:03:07] teaching. I don't think so. I think I [02:03:09] think Augustine got it right and he [02:03:12] outlines that. So there are instances of [02:03:14] that. What did he outline? Well, he [02:03:16] outlined basically that you know he has [02:03:19] these precepts and he says it it's it is [02:03:24] right to defend the weak. it is right to [02:03:29] make sure that you know injustice is not [02:03:31] being done. Paul says that the the [02:03:33] government has the authority to wield [02:03:35] the sword and so there's there's a right [02:03:39] that's actually given to the powers that [02:03:42] be in order to enact justice. Now we [02:03:46] especially Christians it is likewise our [02:03:48] duty to speak into that and make sure [02:03:50] that the magistrates the officials are [02:03:53] not doing that unjustly. So there's an [02:03:56] accountability of speaking into the laws [02:03:58] that are are being enacted in order that [02:04:01] God gives the authority to whether it's [02:04:05] the the the [02:04:07] pharaoh or the Caesar, the emperor or [02:04:11] the king or the governor or the [02:04:14] president or the prime minister. But [02:04:17] that doesn't mean that everything they [02:04:18] do is right just because God gives them [02:04:20] that power. So we need to hold them [02:04:23] accountable when they are not doing that [02:04:25] justly. Right? When the laws because [02:04:28] what what is a law? A law is prescribed [02:04:32] morality. When people say you can't [02:04:34] force people to be moral like you can't [02:04:36] prescribe your morality. Well, it's do [02:04:38] not murder is prescribed morality. So [02:04:42] there's always going to be a level of [02:04:43] that where as a Christian I want our [02:04:48] society to live by the laws that [02:04:51] scripture actually dictates. I think [02:04:52] that's going to be better for it. [02:04:54] >> Now a good society is one where people's [02:04:56] hearts are changed not just their [02:04:57] actions. And so it goes beyond simply [02:05:01] making people do things because if [02:05:03] there's one thing we find out time and [02:05:06] time again is that you can make a law. [02:05:09] But we're really good at trying to find [02:05:10] the loopholes. We're really good at [02:05:12] maybe we'll obey it to not get in [02:05:14] trouble. But the good society, the just [02:05:17] society is one where you want people to [02:05:19] actually their hearts are changed in [02:05:21] order that they actually want to obey [02:05:23] because they understand why it is good [02:05:25] for them, for society, for the world to [02:05:29] do those things. [02:05:31] >> But Augustine looks at these things and [02:05:33] he says [02:05:36] war is okay [02:05:38] as long as it is done for the right [02:05:40] reasons. Like I think we would look at [02:05:42] something like World War II and we would [02:05:44] look at the tyranny and the injustice of [02:05:47] the Holocaust and we would say it was [02:05:49] right for [02:05:52] nations to get involved in that to stop [02:05:54] that from happening. That doesn't mean [02:05:56] that, you know, it's perfect, that [02:05:58] everything works out in this nice tied [02:06:02] up with a bow way, but we [02:06:07] those kind of understandings of the the [02:06:11] world around us and um safeguarding the [02:06:14] weak and looking after those who are [02:06:17] marginalized and taking care of people [02:06:19] who are being abused. I I think that [02:06:22] there is a place for that and we see [02:06:24] that within the enacting of Israel in [02:06:27] the ancient world being under a [02:06:30] theocracy. God is their leader and God [02:06:33] is actually enacting his justice when he [02:06:36] tells them to go and [02:06:39] wipe out certain nations [02:06:41] because as the as the the people of God [02:06:46] being his hand of justice in the world [02:06:49] at that point. Now mind you, this is [02:06:50] descriptive, right? It's telling us what [02:06:52] happened. It's not prescriptive. It's [02:06:54] not saying, "Okay, Sean and Wes, you go [02:06:56] and do likewise." Now, this is a [02:06:59] different situation. It's telling us [02:07:00] what happened. But at the exact same [02:07:01] time, we do have an example of God is [02:07:04] judging groups of people because they [02:07:07] are evil. He's using Israel to do that. [02:07:10] He's using people to do that. And a lot [02:07:14] of the time I will have, you know, [02:07:16] skeptics, atheists, agnostics [02:07:19] talk about, you know, if God is so good, [02:07:21] why doesn't he do anything in the world? [02:07:22] You know, why isn't he stopping evil? [02:07:25] Well, I think we actually have some [02:07:26] instances of God stopping evil. And [02:07:29] ironically, those are often times when [02:07:31] people say, "Oh, look how bad God is. [02:07:33] He's he's wiping out these people." [02:07:36] >> In the grand scheme of things, there's a [02:07:37] context to that. He was He's told [02:07:40] Abraham, "I'm going to give you I'm [02:07:42] going to give you a land. I'm going to [02:07:43] give you a nation, but the sins of the [02:07:45] Amorites has not come to its full [02:07:46] fruition. So, you're going to wait 400 [02:07:48] years." And he wait they wait 400 years [02:07:51] for those people to repent. God is being [02:07:55] gracious and slow to his judgment there. [02:07:58] And they don't they don't repent. They [02:08:00] get worse. And so, when that time comes [02:08:02] after the Exodus, they're going to the [02:08:03] land. The people are bad. They're bad. [02:08:05] They're evil. And so, God judges them. [02:08:08] Um, so I think pacifism is not [02:08:12] necessarily what my I believe God [02:08:16] scripture teaches, but you look at what [02:08:20] Augustine articulates in saying, [02:08:23] you know, there needs to be an [02:08:24] even-handedness in this. There needs to [02:08:26] be a carefulness to this. You know, he [02:08:28] even says that uh the defeated peoples [02:08:31] shouldn't feel disgruntled at the end of [02:08:33] the battle. That's really hard to do. Um [02:08:35] maybe that's a too ideal of a situation. [02:08:38] But unfortunately going forward from [02:08:41] that, especially into the Middle Ages, [02:08:44] everybody who pointed to Augustine as a [02:08:46] justification for war kind of ignored [02:08:48] all of the things that he laid out and [02:08:51] only saw fighting. You're allowed to [02:08:53] fight. [02:08:54] >> So it didn't always go the way it should [02:08:58] have gone. But you know it's a it's a [02:09:01] good example in in terms of you saying [02:09:04] you know I having reservations about [02:09:08] contributing financially and what's [02:09:10] what's the you know downstream effect of [02:09:13] something like arms you know or or [02:09:17] anything else. These aren't these aren't [02:09:19] easy black and white topics. But I think [02:09:23] I trust I hope that what I see in [02:09:26] scripture is that God is not going to [02:09:27] judge us based on what we don't know. [02:09:30] >> He's going to judge us on what we do [02:09:32] know. And I think God is going to be [02:09:36] gracious with us in that if we are [02:09:39] there's caveats to this obviously, but [02:09:42] God judges those who know better worse. [02:09:46] We have a story of this. I was reading [02:09:48] this recently. Um, so there's uh 1 and 2 [02:09:52] Samuel uh are two books which are really [02:09:54] kind of one book in the Old Testament. [02:09:56] And you have uh closer to the beginning [02:09:59] of 1 Samuel, I have this story where the [02:10:01] Israelites are uh they're defeated in a [02:10:05] battle and the the enemies, the [02:10:07] Philistines, they take the Ark of the [02:10:09] Covenant, which the Israelites have kind [02:10:11] of prematurely brought into battle with [02:10:12] them because they think it's going to be [02:10:14] some sort of magic fix all. It's it's [02:10:17] captured [02:10:18] and the the Philistines just pick it up. [02:10:20] They take it away and uh they put it in [02:10:23] the temple of Deeon. It causes all sorts [02:10:25] of problems because the aisle of Deeon [02:10:26] falls over and breaks and they're like, [02:10:28] "We need to get this thing out of here, [02:10:29] right? The god of the Israelites is [02:10:30] causing us too much trouble." But they [02:10:32] just pick it up and they leave. Whereas, [02:10:34] if you go to second Samuel, uh there's a [02:10:38] guy named Usuza and the Israelites, once [02:10:41] again, they're kind of playing fast and [02:10:43] loose with God's laws. They go into a [02:10:45] battle um and they're moving the ark of [02:10:47] the covenant, but they're not moving it [02:10:49] how God actually told them to move it. [02:10:51] They're they've put it on a cart and [02:10:52] it's being carried with oxen, whereas [02:10:54] they're supposed to have four priests [02:10:56] carrying it on either side and march [02:10:58] with it. Well, they're they're [02:11:02] improperly and inappropriately carrying [02:11:04] the Ark of the Covenant and the the [02:11:08] wheel of the the wheel of the the the [02:11:12] wagon hits a pothole or whatever and the [02:11:15] ark becomes unsteady and Usuza, who's [02:11:19] right there, puts his hand out to steady [02:11:20] the ark. He touches the ark and he [02:11:22] immediately dies. [02:11:25] And you read that. I remember reading [02:11:28] that as a teenager and thinking, "Wait, [02:11:30] hold on. The Philistines in First [02:11:33] Samuel, they just pick the thing up. [02:11:36] They just take it and they leave. What's [02:11:37] going on here?" [02:11:38] >> Mhm. [02:11:39] >> I think this is a good example of, you [02:11:41] know, Usuza was part of a nation that [02:11:42] said, "I'm going to obey laws. I'm going [02:11:45] to obey the good laws that God has given [02:11:47] us as a chosen people, as an example to [02:11:50] the surrounding nations." And there's a [02:11:52] responsibility there of what I'm [02:11:54] supposed to do and how I'm supposed to [02:11:56] the standard that I'm supposed to be [02:11:57] held by. And so Usuza knew better. The [02:12:01] group that he was with knew better than [02:12:03] to move the ark in the way that they [02:12:05] were doing. [02:12:06] >> That was inappropriate of them to do [02:12:07] that. [02:12:08] >> So because they knew better, God judged [02:12:11] them based on that accountability. [02:12:13] Accountability was higher. And so when [02:12:15] he touches the ark, he dies because the [02:12:18] ark is a dangerous thing. But he knows [02:12:21] it's a dangerous thing and he should [02:12:23] know better than to just kind of very [02:12:26] glibly be treating the presence of God [02:12:29] on the mercy seat like he is. Whereas [02:12:32] the Philistines don't know any better. [02:12:33] Now it still causes them lots of trouble [02:12:35] and they need to get it out of their [02:12:37] camp eventually. [02:12:39] >> But I think in like telling that story [02:12:43] what I'm communicating there is that [02:12:45] there's a level of accountability. Not [02:12:47] that God is is arbitrary and subjective [02:12:52] in the way that he treats us, but I [02:12:55] think that [02:12:58] we are going to be judged on the basis [02:13:00] of what we do know, not on what we don't [02:13:01] know. And that doesn't mean that our sin [02:13:04] is insufficient. That doesn't mean that [02:13:06] our sin is wked at. But at the exact [02:13:09] same time, I think there are certain [02:13:11] things that we we need to weigh based on [02:13:15] our conscience and on the level of uh [02:13:20] accountability and understanding that we [02:13:22] are given and do our best to operate on [02:13:28] that knowledge. And sometimes that's not [02:13:31] easy. Sometimes it is. I think this is [02:13:33] why we should seek the wisdom and the [02:13:38] understanding of people who know a lot [02:13:40] more than we do, who are wise, who have [02:13:43] walked through these things, who are um [02:13:46] you know, elders in our, you know, [02:13:48] whether that's [02:13:48] >> that's why you're here, Wes. [02:13:49] >> Well, [02:13:51] that's why I'm here um to learn from [02:13:54] you. Um, but so I think we should [02:13:58] continually be trying to mature and [02:14:00] trying to learn, but at the exact same [02:14:02] time, you know, there's going to be [02:14:05] things that I do that I'm going to [02:14:08] realize in retrospect maybe, oh, I I I [02:14:11] should have done that very differently. [02:14:14] Um, and that's okay. But we we should be [02:14:18] trying to do our due dil diligence to [02:14:20] try to the best of our ability to [02:14:22] conform that to scripture and the right [02:14:27] teaching that God reveals to us. Makes [02:14:29] sense. [02:14:31] A little bit ago when I when I had [02:14:33] mentioned when I called called it [02:14:36] creation, I thought I noticed your face [02:14:39] kind of change there all of a sudden. I [02:14:41] did. [02:14:43] What would you What is your definition [02:14:45] of creation? Did I Did I strike a chord [02:14:47] there accidentally? [02:14:49] >> Uh not that I am aware of. Maybe that's [02:14:52] an involuntary face twitch. [02:14:54] >> Um but uh uh maybe I need to see my [02:14:57] doctor, get that looked after. There's [02:14:59] um [02:14:59] >> yeah, I mean I think it's really [02:15:01] interesting the topic of creation. I [02:15:03] mean when I when I brought it up, we [02:15:04] were talking about in vitro, [02:15:06] >> but then I think about what else are we [02:15:08] doing? We can, we now have the ability [02:15:11] to clone. People clone in their animals. [02:15:13] We can clone humans. We have organs. [02:15:15] Yeah, we're growing organs. We can grow [02:15:17] organs in a basically a plastic bag now. [02:15:20] Or if you're China or [02:15:22] >> yeah, [02:15:23] >> a bad guy, you can just harvest them. [02:15:26] But you know what I mean? So all these [02:15:27] things and I I I don't know what else to [02:15:30] call it other than creation. But um [02:15:35] but you know like what I'm just [02:15:37] >> What are your thoughts on all of that? [02:15:40] >> I think [02:15:40] >> because it's not [02:15:42] >> it's different. [02:15:43] >> Yeah. [02:15:45] >> I you know I've heard some people [02:15:46] >> Neurolink [02:15:47] >> putting a chip in your head. [02:15:49] >> Exactly. I I've heard some people argue [02:15:51] that [02:15:53] this is evidence that we don't need God. [02:15:55] Right. Like we can create we can make [02:15:58] life. [02:15:59] What I always think is interesting about [02:16:02] >> that's interesting. Is that what this is [02:16:04] all about? Is this I mean in the grand [02:16:06] scheme of things and the battle of good [02:16:09] and evil is this is that all of that [02:16:11] going to create a godless society? [02:16:13] >> Well, I think if anything what it points [02:16:15] to is that all of these things need an [02:16:18] originator. They need a creator, right? [02:16:21] Like and we are created in the image of [02:16:23] God who is himself the author of [02:16:25] creation. And so I think it's just part [02:16:28] and parcel. makes sense that we would [02:16:30] then try to create something in our [02:16:34] image, right? Whether you're talking [02:16:35] about AI or whether you're talking about [02:16:37] like computer models or whatever, all of [02:16:40] that just in my mind points to the fact [02:16:42] that we're we're just patterning [02:16:45] ourselves after our own creator. Mhm. [02:16:48] >> And all of these things, whether it's a [02:16:50] a beautiful painting or like a work of [02:16:52] art or um you know, how an artist puts [02:16:58] together [02:16:59] visually or you know, there are all [02:17:02] different ways that that can manifest. [02:17:05] These are testimonies to [02:17:09] our ability to [02:17:11] exemplify what God has instilled in us [02:17:15] as humanity. There's something unique [02:17:17] about humanity that other living things [02:17:21] on this planet just doesn't. They don't [02:17:23] do it in the same way. You can get an [02:17:24] elephant to paint a picture with its [02:17:26] trunk, but is it really meditating on [02:17:31] the beauty and the aspects and the [02:17:34] angles and the if a if if a monkey [02:17:36] painted the Mona Lisa, [02:17:39] would it be really thinking about, you [02:17:42] know, the expression on the individual's [02:17:44] face and how that might be understood by [02:17:46] the view? All of these things, I think, [02:17:48] are unique to humanity. There's [02:17:50] something about us, something about this [02:17:52] species on this planet that is just [02:17:55] completely different than every other [02:17:57] species. And I think as technology [02:18:00] advanced and you get to something like [02:18:02] AI or Neuralink or [02:18:05] in my mind, these are just testimonies [02:18:08] to we are endowed with an ability to [02:18:12] create. I mean, that's the whole the [02:18:14] concept of the Sabbath um within the old [02:18:18] covenant system. you work six days uh [02:18:20] but the seventh day you rest and it's [02:18:23] not resting you know God doesn't rest on [02:18:25] the seventh day because God is tired God [02:18:27] rests because he is viewing his creation [02:18:31] and he's he's just looking over it and [02:18:35] so there's an understanding within I [02:18:39] think you see how ancient Jewish [02:18:42] writings talk about okay why do we rest [02:18:44] on the Sabbath what is the purpose of [02:18:46] this there's all sorts of reasons why [02:18:48] One of them is that there's a there's an [02:18:51] understanding that the only being in [02:18:54] this universe that has the authority to [02:18:58] create is God. And we create six days a [02:19:00] week. And we stop to acknowledge that [02:19:03] God is the author of creation, not us. [02:19:06] And so all of our creative acts are [02:19:08] going to be an expression of that [02:19:11] everything from nothing act of God. [02:19:13] Right? Exhal. [02:19:15] But we pause to reflect on the fact that [02:19:20] that doesn't come from me. That comes [02:19:22] from the image that I bear. And this is [02:19:24] why it's so significant when Jesus calls [02:19:26] himself the Lord of the Sabbath. When [02:19:29] he's accused of working on the Sabbath, [02:19:31] it's in all four gospels. In John, it's [02:19:33] a little bit different. He says, "My [02:19:34] father is working um until now, and I am [02:19:37] also working." But if you kind of put [02:19:40] that in the framework of Jesus's [02:19:43] historical context and you look at some [02:19:46] of the articulations of ancient Jewish [02:19:48] understanding of what the Sabbath is, [02:19:50] when Jesus says, "I am the Lord of the [02:19:52] Sabbath," there's an aspect of what he's [02:19:54] saying that is, "I'm the only one who's [02:19:58] allowed to work on this day." [02:20:00] And and he's what he's really claiming, [02:20:02] and the Jews get very mad at him for it, [02:20:04] is you saw that sunrise in the morning? [02:20:07] It was me. [02:20:09] >> I did that. I'm the Lord of the Sabbath. [02:20:11] So, you know, being accused of picking [02:20:13] some heads of grain uh with his [02:20:15] disciples and eating on on on Saturday, [02:20:18] you know, he's like, "Listen, I'm in [02:20:21] control of all of this." And so, that [02:20:23] goes over our heads because we don't [02:20:24] have a framework for it. Jesus's claims [02:20:26] to be God are not him saying, "I am God. [02:20:29] Worship me." It's said in a much more [02:20:30] Jewish accent than that, but they are no [02:20:33] no less a claim of divinity. And so [02:20:36] that's when you when you look at these [02:20:38] understandings of what the Sabbath is, [02:20:40] of who God is, and how he's the one who [02:20:43] is the author of creation, which by the [02:20:45] way is a title that's given to Jesus. [02:20:47] He's also said to be the author of [02:20:49] creation, the alpha and the omega, the [02:20:50] beginning and the end. that in John [02:20:52] chapter 1, in Colossians chapter 1, and [02:20:54] Hebrews chapter 1, all three of those [02:20:56] authors give this [02:20:59] exhaustive list that nothing was made [02:21:02] without Jesus, that everything was made [02:21:04] for him and by him. Paul exhausts the [02:21:07] prepositions, you know, the the author [02:21:10] of Hebrews, you know, calls him the [02:21:12] progenitor of all things, the in the [02:21:14] exact image and likeness of God. And [02:21:19] it's a reflection of our character that [02:21:22] we also then create because we're made [02:21:24] in the image of a God who is an artist [02:21:28] who who paints a picture of the universe [02:21:33] with his words. [02:21:35] >> Wow. [02:21:37] You brought up the ark of the covenant. [02:21:39] >> What is that? [02:21:40] >> The ark of the covenant was the presence [02:21:42] of God on earth in the Old Testament. So [02:21:46] you have uh eventually the temple being [02:21:49] made or prior to that is the tabernacle [02:21:51] and then you have this really [02:21:52] interesting box that God tells the [02:21:55] Israelites to make and he says I'm going [02:21:57] to dwell with you with the presence like [02:22:00] the presence in the garden. So you go [02:22:02] all the way back to Genesis chapter 1 [02:22:04] and um Adam and Eve are [02:22:08] have this communi communicative [02:22:10] relationship with God in a very unique [02:22:12] way. In fact, when they eat of the fruit [02:22:15] and they realize [02:22:17] their shame in their nakedness and they [02:22:19] hide, it says that they heard the Lord [02:22:22] God walking in the cool of the day. And [02:22:25] so, there's a presence there that's [02:22:27] tangible and real, but that like I was [02:22:29] talking about before, that separation [02:22:31] from God, it's created a rift in that [02:22:34] relationship. [02:22:35] And so [02:22:38] there's there's the the rift has made [02:22:41] the proximity to God dangerous. And [02:22:46] eventually what you get in God's chosen [02:22:49] people, the Israelites, having that the [02:22:52] presence in God in the tabernacle and in [02:22:54] the temple, God says, "I'm going to [02:22:57] dwell with you, but you need to be [02:22:58] careful. You need to be careful with [02:23:00] this. So there's a particular way that [02:23:01] you're going to build this and I'm going [02:23:03] to my presence, my glory is going to [02:23:07] exist on the top of this box and that's [02:23:10] the ark of the covenant. Now, [02:23:12] interestingly enough, when Jesus comes [02:23:14] around, John's gospel starts out right [02:23:18] in the beginning was the word and the [02:23:19] word was with God and the word was God. [02:23:21] But then in John 1:14, it says, "And the [02:23:26] word became flesh and made his dwelling [02:23:28] among us." And that word that we [02:23:31] translate as made his dwelling is [02:23:33] actually the same word that is used in [02:23:36] the Greek translation of the Old [02:23:37] Testament translated prior to Jesus for [02:23:40] tabernacled. So referring to the tent [02:23:43] that the ark of the covenant which held [02:23:45] the presence of God had. So I think it's [02:23:48] very overt. It would have been far more [02:23:50] overt to the Jewish reader. So some [02:23:53] translations just say made his presence [02:23:56] u made his dwelling. There are some [02:23:58] translations that say tabernacled among [02:24:00] us. Um, but I think the Jewish reader [02:24:04] who's reading the Greek there, if they [02:24:06] were aware of the Greek translation of [02:24:07] the Old Testament, would have [02:24:08] immediately thought he's talking about [02:24:11] God's presence. He's talking about what [02:24:13] was dwelling over the ark of the [02:24:15] covenant. And guess what? God is with us [02:24:18] again, [02:24:20] but it's in Jesus. Jesus is that [02:24:23] presence. He's dwelling with us. He's [02:24:24] walking with us. He's in the midst of [02:24:26] his people. And that's what ultimately, [02:24:29] you know, in Revelation, in the last [02:24:30] book of the Bible, it says that that's [02:24:33] going to be there. That presence is [02:24:34] going to be there in the new heavens and [02:24:36] the new earth. And so the ark of the [02:24:40] covenant was [02:24:42] part of this old covenantal system which [02:24:46] is always meant to point to something. [02:24:48] And this is if people are interested in [02:24:49] this, reading the book of Hebrews in the [02:24:52] New Testament, the whole theme is how [02:24:56] all of these things in the Old Covenant [02:24:58] were shadows cast by Jesus. [02:25:02] All of these things are fulfilled. You [02:25:03] like Moses, Jesus is the new Moses. You [02:25:05] like the priestly system, Jesus is the [02:25:07] priest who's never going to die. He's [02:25:09] always going to intercede on your [02:25:10] behalf. You like the angels, Jesus is [02:25:13] greater than the angels. You like the [02:25:14] temple, Jesus has fulfilled the temple. [02:25:18] you are now the presence of the Holy [02:25:19] Spirit. You are now the temple. So, it's [02:25:21] all of these things. It's an amazing [02:25:23] book in that way and that it's talking [02:25:25] to Jews who are tempted to go back to go [02:25:28] back. They've been ostracized from the [02:25:30] pagan Greor Roman culture of their day [02:25:33] and now they're proclaiming Jesus as the [02:25:35] Messiah and they're being ostracized by [02:25:36] their Jewish communities as well. The [02:25:38] author of Hebrews says there's nothing [02:25:40] to go back to. Don't be tempted. Jesus [02:25:43] is the fulfillment of all these things. [02:25:45] Don't go back to the shadows when you [02:25:47] know what casts. It's it's foolish. And [02:25:51] ultimately part of that is that you know [02:25:53] that presence of God in the tabernacle [02:25:56] that so there was a uh there was a [02:25:59] curtain in front of the holy of holies [02:26:02] where the ark of the covenant was in the [02:26:04] temple. And in the gospels it says that [02:26:06] when Jesus died the temp the the the [02:26:10] um curtain was actually ripped in two. [02:26:13] And there's a symbolic meaning in there [02:26:16] in that the divide between the priests [02:26:18] who get to go into the holy of holies [02:26:21] once a year on Yamapour on the day of [02:26:24] atonement. Well, now [02:26:26] you that that that's been that divide [02:26:29] that's been eradicated [02:26:32] because the author of Hebrews says you [02:26:35] have a priest who now intercedes on your [02:26:36] behalf where you can go into the holy of [02:26:39] holies into the presence of God. You can [02:26:40] talk to God directly. So, that was a [02:26:42] long-winded answer. [02:26:43] >> Wow. [02:26:45] What about the Ark of the Covenant does [02:26:46] that? [02:26:47] >> All right. The Dead The Dead Sea [02:26:49] Scrolls. [02:26:50] >> Yeah. What are they? So, the Dead Sea [02:26:52] Scrolls are a collection of ancient [02:26:54] Jewish writings. They were discovered [02:26:56] between 1947 and 1956. We have [02:27:00] discovered some since then, just [02:27:02] fragments. But the story is that there [02:27:06] were some beduin on the northwest side [02:27:08] of the Dead Sea uh between the border of [02:27:11] Israel and Jordan and they were uh [02:27:14] hurting some sheep and um they [02:27:17] discovered these jars full of documents. [02:27:22] So in the Roman Jewish wars which [02:27:25] happened kind of into the mid late uh [02:27:30] 1st century right after Jesus which also [02:27:33] ultimately culminated in 70 AD when Rome [02:27:38] they marched into Jerusalem and they [02:27:40] sacked Jerusalem and they destroyed the [02:27:41] temple. Um, [02:27:44] these Jews went and they hid kind of [02:27:47] maybe knowing that danger was coming. [02:27:50] They hid these documents in these caves [02:27:53] in the the hills along the coast of the [02:27:56] northwest side of the Dead Sea. That's [02:27:58] why they're called the Dead Sea Scrolls [02:27:59] cuz that's the location. 11 caves [02:28:01] altogether that that they were [02:28:03] discovered in uh probably with the [02:28:05] intention to come back and get them when [02:28:07] things were a little bit like had [02:28:09] simmered down, but they got wiped out [02:28:11] and so they never had the chance to go [02:28:14] back and get them. So, ironically, the [02:28:17] arid environment of the the region there [02:28:20] preserved these things for close to [02:28:22] 2,000 years. [02:28:24] >> We discovered them in, like I said, the [02:28:26] late 1940s into the 1950s. and they [02:28:30] revealed a ton of uh around 970 [02:28:37] documents in um between 10,000 and [02:28:40] 11,000 fragments. So, some of them are, [02:28:44] you know, entire books. Uh others of [02:28:47] them are very very fragmentaryary. They [02:28:49] need to be pieced together. Now, [02:28:51] interestingly enough, the Dead Sea [02:28:53] Scrolls are on exhibition at the Museum [02:28:56] of the Bible in Washington, DC. [02:28:58] >> Oh, really? [02:28:58] >> Right now. Wow. [02:29:00] >> And I will actually be given be giving a [02:29:02] tour on March 28th [02:29:05] >> of the Dead Sea Scrolls. So if people [02:29:06] are listening and this goes out in time, [02:29:08] um you can actually have a tour of the [02:29:10] Dead Sea Scrolls with me uh in my [02:29:12] partnership with the Museum of the [02:29:14] Bible. But otherwise, I think it's worth [02:29:16] seeing. I think these are probably the [02:29:20] most important archaeological discovery [02:29:22] of the 20th century. [02:29:24] >> Wow. And they shed so much light on [02:29:28] ancient Judaism leading up to the time [02:29:30] of Jesus in understandings of different [02:29:33] Jewish thought and practice. But also [02:29:38] every book of the Bible apart from two [02:29:42] of the Old Testament was discovered in [02:29:44] in these. And some of them were so well [02:29:49] preserved that what they did is they [02:29:52] pushed back our understanding of the [02:29:54] text of the Bible close to a thousand [02:29:56] years, sometimes even further than that [02:29:59] because for a long time our copies of [02:30:03] particularly the Hebrew Old Testament. [02:30:05] So we had translations like I've [02:30:06] referred to the Greek translation of the [02:30:08] Old Testament. Those those have have [02:30:10] existed for a long time. Um it's called [02:30:12] the Septuagent is one of the mainstreams [02:30:14] of the Greek translation of the Old [02:30:16] Testament. Most people in the time of [02:30:19] Jesus uh were speaking and reading Greek [02:30:23] if they were able to read because that [02:30:25] was the lingua frana the language of the [02:30:27] day. And so about 200 years prior to [02:30:31] Jesus a bunch of the books particularly [02:30:34] the Torah the first five books of the [02:30:35] Bible were translated from the Hebrew [02:30:36] into the Greek. And then as time went [02:30:38] on, more and more books were translated [02:30:40] of the Old Testament into Greek. Um, so [02:30:42] that started about the 3rd century BC. [02:30:45] It didn't really finish until the 1st [02:30:47] century AD, but [02:30:50] our Hebrew copies of most of the Old [02:30:54] Testament were from the Middle Ages for [02:30:56] a long, long time. [02:30:58] >> Wow. And what the Dead Sea Scrolls did [02:31:00] is all of a sudden we have prest century [02:31:04] copies of some of these books and we're [02:31:08] able to compare them to compare [02:31:10] something like the great great Psalm [02:31:12] scroll or the great Isaiah scroll with [02:31:14] copies of what's called the Maseretic [02:31:17] text which is the text of the Hebrew [02:31:19] Bible from the Middle Ages copied by [02:31:21] these scroll these uh um scribes the [02:31:24] Mazerites. [02:31:25] And [02:31:27] they're surprisingly similar, shockingly [02:31:31] similar. Some of them are are exact. Not [02:31:34] all of them are. Um, but it the [02:31:38] testimony of the fidelity between the [02:31:41] time when we get something like the [02:31:44] Leningrag codeex in the Middle Ages to [02:31:46] something like the Dead Sea Scrolls is [02:31:49] an huge gap. And yet you you have now [02:31:54] evidence of this faithful copying [02:31:57] process over the centuries of scribes to [02:32:01] the point where you can follow them, you [02:32:04] know, to the letter and see the fidelity [02:32:08] of of these texts. [02:32:09] >> Is there any New Testament in there? [02:32:12] >> No. So it's all Old Testament. So the [02:32:14] thing with the Dead Sea Scrolls is that [02:32:16] most of them predate Jesus. Some of them [02:32:18] are written in around the time when [02:32:20] Jesus was was living. But they're mostly [02:32:24] the writings we think of a group called [02:32:26] the Essenes who were a sectarian group [02:32:29] of Jews who had removed themselves from [02:32:32] the Jerusalem community and gone out [02:32:33] into the desert in this area called [02:32:35] Kuman. So they were a if you read the [02:32:39] New Testament, you're going to hear [02:32:40] about groups like the Sadducees and the [02:32:42] Pharisees. The Essenes were a group [02:32:45] aside from that and they had gone out [02:32:48] into the desert and they had kind of [02:32:50] their own uh rules and regulations but [02:32:53] they also copied a lot of these books [02:32:55] and so along with a lot of other books. [02:32:59] They had uh like rules and and wrote [02:33:03] about what their their religious [02:33:05] practices were and then had some other [02:33:06] theological writings that they deemed [02:33:09] valuable. But they clearly viewed what [02:33:11] we call the Old Testament, the Hebrew [02:33:13] Bible, the scriptures as as incredibly [02:33:15] important, as scriptural, as their [02:33:17] guiding principles. [02:33:19] But they often viewed [02:33:22] the propheticness of those as applying [02:33:25] to their day right then and there. like [02:33:27] they thought kind of apocalyptically [02:33:30] that they were going to be the reason [02:33:33] why, you know, everything was was solved [02:33:36] because of their uh their very faithful [02:33:38] practice. Okay, [02:33:40] >> in Jerusalem they' capitulated. They [02:33:42] were, you know, in in bed with Rome and [02:33:44] they'd removed themselves. They were [02:33:45] pure. They were holy and uh they had [02:33:48] some other, you know, practices that [02:33:50] were a little bit more um sectarian and [02:33:52] eggmatic there. So, not all of the [02:33:56] documents in the Dead Sea Scrolls are [02:33:58] part of the Kuman community. A lot of [02:33:59] them are, but then there are other [02:34:02] writings from groups that uh were hidden [02:34:05] in the caves that kind of and then some [02:34:08] of them are just like very unusual. [02:34:11] There's a treasure map um included [02:34:13] >> treasure map, too. [02:34:14] >> So, it's it's known as the copper [02:34:15] scroll. Uh, so it's the only one that's [02:34:18] not on either um parchment or on [02:34:21] papyrus, but it's on very thin sheets of [02:34:24] copper and it was rolled up and it's a a [02:34:26] treasure map with all of these locations [02:34:29] uh uh of of a lot of gold and silver [02:34:34] >> really. So, some people have tried to [02:34:36] kind of decode it and figure out where, [02:34:38] you know, is this some of the stuff uh [02:34:40] that's the treasure from the temple? Is [02:34:42] this, you know, some of the treasure of [02:34:44] Solomon from the Old Testament? It's not [02:34:47] entirely clear. Um, but it does appear [02:34:49] to be like the person who wrote it does [02:34:53] seem to think that this is where [02:34:54] treasure is, but that's kind of an [02:34:57] outlier. A lot of the others have to do [02:34:58] with religious practice or kind of [02:35:01] historical scriptural things. [02:35:06] My days don't slow down. Between work, [02:35:08] the gym, and time with the kids, I need [02:35:11] eyewear that can keep up with everything [02:35:14] I've got going on. And that's why I [02:35:16] trust Roka. I've tried plenty of shades [02:35:19] before, but these stand out. They're [02:35:22] built for performance without [02:35:23] sacrificing style. I've put them through [02:35:25] it all. On the range, out on the water, [02:35:28] and off-road, they don't quit. They're [02:35:31] lightweight, stay locked in place, and [02:35:34] are tough enough to handle whatever I [02:35:36] throw at them. And the best part, they [02:35:38] don't just perform, they look [02:35:40] incredible. Sleek, modern, and designed [02:35:42] for people who expect more from their [02:35:44] eyewear. 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[02:36:42] >> It's essential for the experiment that [02:36:43] you continue. [02:36:45] >> Hosted by Sha Ryan. They're called SCOPS [02:36:48] is now available to you for free. [02:36:50] >> There's no question that it is my [02:36:53] control. [02:36:54] >> Hear from whistleblowers. [02:36:55] >> Why have I got a letter from the CIA? [02:36:57] >> Shocking insights from experts. [02:36:59] >> If you've ever wondered who's really [02:37:01] pulling the strings, it's time to find [02:37:04] out. [02:37:08] >> Target Intelligence SCOP, an ironclad [02:37:11] original hosted by Sha Ryan. Listen [02:37:14] today wherever you get your podcasts or [02:37:17] watch the enhanced version on YouTube at [02:37:20] this is ironclad. [02:37:26] >> What percentage of this is in the Bible [02:37:28] or is a book in the Bible? [02:37:30] >> So about uh um so all of the books of [02:37:35] the Bible apart from uh one prophetic [02:37:38] book and uh Esther were were found with [02:37:41] in amongst the Dead Sea Scrolls. Um it's [02:37:44] it's also in a number of different [02:37:46] languages. So about 75% of it is written [02:37:48] in Hebrew, but some of it is written in [02:37:50] Greek and some in Aramaic and uh a [02:37:54] minority a very small minority in [02:37:55] Nabotian. So um that's where it's like [02:37:59] it's kind of a grouping. The Dead Sea [02:38:02] Scrolls is an umbrella term for all of [02:38:04] these writings. They just happen to be [02:38:07] discovered in these 11 caves on the [02:38:10] northwest side of the Dead Sea. But [02:38:13] they're [02:38:14] incredibly important and shed light on [02:38:17] even things like uh there's one [02:38:19] particular manuscript which talks about [02:38:21] the Messiah and talks about the Messiah [02:38:23] in divine terms. And so this kind of [02:38:28] sheds light on our understanding of [02:38:30] accusations that early Christians are [02:38:34] imposing a foreign idea on to Jesus. You [02:38:39] know that the Messiah was going to be a [02:38:40] divine figure. Well, we have actually [02:38:42] some texts in the Dead Sea Scrolls which [02:38:45] actually do kind of indicate that the [02:38:47] Messiah who's about to come, the this [02:38:49] anointed one, he's actually going to [02:38:52] have [02:38:54] a divine quality to him that exceeds [02:38:56] just a mere man. [02:38:57] >> They're they're writing about this [02:38:59] before he came. [02:39:00] >> Mhm. [02:39:00] >> Really? [02:39:01] >> Yeah. Yeah. Well, that was the [02:39:02] expectation that the Messiah was going [02:39:04] to come. Mhm. [02:39:05] >> So that that's going on all throughout, [02:39:08] you know, the Old Testament period, but [02:39:11] the the Essenes [02:39:14] uh they they they have an understanding [02:39:16] that there's there's going to be two [02:39:18] messiahs. One from the line of Aaron, [02:39:19] who's going to be a priestly Messiah, [02:39:21] and one from the line of David, who's [02:39:22] going to be a kingly Messiah. and that [02:39:24] these people are going to fulfill the [02:39:27] expectation of making all things right [02:39:29] with the nation of Israel, particularly [02:39:32] their kind of sect of Israel that they [02:39:35] see as the the pure one. Um, and part of [02:39:40] that was going to be they were going to [02:39:41] drive out the Romans and make all things [02:39:44] right. And they have a lot of um [02:39:48] writings about them being the children [02:39:50] of light and it's going to they're going [02:39:52] to defeat the children of darkness which [02:39:54] could be assumed as you know the Greeks [02:39:56] or the Romans or whoever. But either way [02:39:59] they're very apocalyptic in their [02:40:00] understanding of these things. [02:40:04] What else have we learned from them? [02:40:06] I mean, they're they're very [02:40:09] uh I mean, the Dead Sea Scrolls are so [02:40:12] fascinating because they shed [02:40:16] so much understanding on [02:40:19] like how Jews were say parsing out some [02:40:22] of the things within the Old Testament [02:40:25] that maybe [02:40:27] um we'd like to know more about. So [02:40:31] something like the Enochian literature, [02:40:33] >> I don't know. [02:40:33] >> So there's a the book of Enoch. So [02:40:36] there's there's actually three books of [02:40:38] Enoch. First, second, and third Enoch. [02:40:39] The one that's typically referred to as [02:40:41] the book of Enoch is first Enoch. And [02:40:44] some it's it's it's an amalgamated group [02:40:47] of different literature, the Book of the [02:40:50] Watchers, the Book of the Giants, uh the [02:40:52] Book of Parables, these kinds of things [02:40:54] that we all put into one book that we [02:40:56] call First Enoch. Some of it's really [02:40:58] old. Uh, and actually right now on [02:41:01] display at the Museum of the Bible, you [02:41:02] can see a fragment of astronomical [02:41:04] Enoch, which is on display, I think, for [02:41:06] the first time ever. I don't think it's [02:41:07] ever been displayed, this fragment of [02:41:09] astronomical Enoch. But what the [02:41:12] documents that make up what we call [02:41:14] first Enoch are trying to extrapolate on [02:41:16] is what's going on before the flood. So [02:41:19] you have in Genesis chapter 6 this very, [02:41:23] you know, cryptic passage of the sons of [02:41:26] God saw that the daughters of men were [02:41:28] beautiful and they came and they slept [02:41:29] with them and these women gave birth to [02:41:32] these children that were the Nephilim [02:41:35] that were the heroes of old, men of [02:41:37] renowned. And so there's a bunch of [02:41:40] different interpretations in the ancient [02:41:41] world as to what this means. the um the [02:41:44] Greek translation of the Old Testament [02:41:45] translates Nephilim as uh gigas which is [02:41:48] giants. And so there's a there's one [02:41:51] particular understanding of that. Uh and [02:41:54] there's both a kind of naturalistic [02:41:57] explanation that the sons of God weren't [02:42:00] necessarily angels. But then there's [02:42:02] another stream of interpretation that's [02:42:05] fleshed out in something like the book [02:42:06] of Enoch where it talks about, okay, [02:42:09] well, who are these sons of God? And so [02:42:13] why were they um [02:42:16] why why why were their their progeny? [02:42:20] What were the Nephilim? And how did this [02:42:22] come into being? And so uh it kind of [02:42:24] does this through a narrative about the [02:42:27] great-grandfather of Noah, Enoch, and [02:42:30] fleshes some of these things out. And [02:42:33] this goes into like a long history of [02:42:36] leading up to the New Testament where [02:42:40] there's a, you know, the demons kind of [02:42:43] show up in the New Testament. There [02:42:44] really isn't all that much said in the [02:42:46] Old Testament about demons, but in some [02:42:48] of this ancient Jewish literature that's [02:42:51] incorporated and found in the Dead Sea [02:42:53] Scrolls, we have some of these [02:42:55] discussions of things like what are the [02:42:57] demons? Well, there was a pretty strong [02:43:01] thread of thinking within ancient [02:43:03] Judaism that demons were disembodied [02:43:06] spirits of the Nephilim. So, the [02:43:09] Nephilim, if you're taking a [02:43:11] supernatural [02:43:13] understanding of who they are, their [02:43:15] fathers are angels [02:43:18] >> and their mothers are humans. So, [02:43:21] they're kind of these half supernatural, [02:43:23] half carnal things. So when they die, [02:43:27] their spirits don't have anywhere to go. [02:43:29] So now they're trapped and they're [02:43:30] wandering the earth. They're aimless and [02:43:32] they're constantly trying to get back [02:43:34] into [02:43:36] a a physical form. And so they possess [02:43:39] people and because they're not really [02:43:42] meant to do that because they're these [02:43:44] weward supernatural beings, it never [02:43:46] really works out and they end up making [02:43:48] people do all sorts of crazy things and [02:43:52] they're they're cursed because they're [02:43:55] unholy. They're the the progeny of [02:43:58] fallen angels. And so there's all this [02:44:00] stuff. So some of this literature is [02:44:02] fleshing that out. Now, is that really [02:44:04] what's going on? I don't know. [02:44:05] >> What do you think about that? I think [02:44:07] it's very very interesting. I think some [02:44:09] of it makes sense. I think on things [02:44:12] that scripture whispers about, I don't [02:44:14] want to yell too loudly. Uh I I'm very [02:44:18] cautious. [02:44:19] Um, I think it's entirely plausible [02:44:23] given what the what we see within [02:44:27] scripture and the fact that it's not [02:44:30] 100% clear exactly what demons or even [02:44:34] angels are, but that's what something [02:44:36] like the book of Enoch is trying to [02:44:37] flesh out. And so some of this [02:44:39] literature will kind of falls into the [02:44:41] category of what's called [02:44:42] pseudopagraphical writing. So pseudo [02:44:45] means false, right? In Greek and graph [02:44:47] means writing. So, it's a false writing. [02:44:49] So, it's attributed to uh an author [02:44:52] who's not really the author or about an [02:44:54] author that's not necessarily meant to [02:44:56] be thought of realistically as that [02:44:58] author. So, Enoch um the book of Enoch [02:45:02] almost certainly wasn't written pre [02:45:04] flood in the time of Enoch. And there's [02:45:06] all sorts of ways that we can tease that [02:45:08] out with even the timekeeping that it it [02:45:11] includes is very influenced by the [02:45:15] henistic timekeeping, the Greek [02:45:17] timekeeping in the day. There are [02:45:19] illusions to the book of Daniel, to the [02:45:21] book of uh Deuteronomy and the book of [02:45:23] numbers which are in the inkian [02:45:27] literature which means that they're [02:45:29] probably being written after those and [02:45:31] especially with the book of Daniel which [02:45:32] is in the Persian period. Uh that's [02:45:34] quite late. So, and even some ancient [02:45:38] Jewish writers like Josephus who comes [02:45:40] around at the end of the first century [02:45:42] very beginning of the second century [02:45:45] when he has his conversation in um in a [02:45:49] writing of his uh where he's talking [02:45:52] about scripture he specifically says [02:45:55] that nothing was written before Moses. [02:45:57] So he kind of disqualifies Enoch as [02:46:01] being, you know, this is claiming to be [02:46:02] written prior to there's no scripture [02:46:04] that's written prior to that. So that's [02:46:06] kind of his category category of of [02:46:09] articulating that. [02:46:11] >> Uh but I mean these things are you look [02:46:15] at the ancient world and how they're [02:46:17] trying to flesh things out. And [02:46:20] though they're some in some ways very [02:46:23] ambiguous, like scripture tells us what [02:46:25] we need to know, not always what we want [02:46:27] to know. But I don't think that that [02:46:29] means that we cancel out any idea of a [02:46:34] theory or a probability or a possibility [02:46:37] of say, you know, what is a demon? I [02:46:40] don't claim to totally know, but I think [02:46:42] it's very interesting that the Jews [02:46:45] themselves in the ancient world prior to [02:46:47] and leading up to and during the time of [02:46:49] Jesus, they're also discussing these [02:46:52] things, wrestling with them and coming [02:46:54] up with these ideas that we can read [02:46:56] too. [02:46:57] >> Interesting. [02:46:57] >> And kind of like postulate on why did [02:47:01] why did um well, how many Dead Sea [02:47:04] Scrolls didn't make it how many of the [02:47:05] scrolls did not make it into the Bible? [02:47:08] So, uh, yeah. So, I mean, part of the [02:47:11] trickiness, like I said before, is that [02:47:12] the Dead Sea Scrolls are kind of an [02:47:14] umbrella category. [02:47:15] >> It's like saying library, right? Like [02:47:18] there's a whole bunch there's a range of [02:47:20] literature. [02:47:21] >> So, by the time in and around Jesus, the [02:47:26] Protestant, what we have in the [02:47:28] Protestant Old Testament was, I would [02:47:31] argue, established as the Hebrew [02:47:33] scriptures. So modern orthodox Jews [02:47:36] today, their Bible is the Tanakh, the [02:47:39] Torah, the Naim, and the Ketvim, the [02:47:40] law, the prophets, and the writings. [02:47:42] That's the same number of books that are [02:47:44] in a Protestant Old Testament. So there [02:47:47] are other books that are also uh [02:47:50] included in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Like I [02:47:52] said, some of them are apocalyptic. The [02:47:55] war scroll is a really interesting one, [02:47:57] which is, you know, another apocalypse. [02:47:59] So, we have an apocalyptic book in our [02:48:02] Bible, Revelation, [02:48:04] >> right? But apocalypses weren't that [02:48:07] uncommon in ancient Jewish writings. In [02:48:10] fact, Enoch is in many ways an [02:48:13] apocalyptic book. Um, but the War Scroll [02:48:17] is an apocalyptic book. And uh so [02:48:22] there's different categories that are [02:48:26] um included within the Dead Sea Scrolls. [02:48:29] But [02:48:29] >> what do you mean different? I mean it [02:48:31] sounds like way I'm hearing that is [02:48:33] there's different apocalypses. [02:48:35] >> Mhm. Is is that what you're saying? [02:48:37] >> So uh apocalypse is just a category of [02:48:39] literature. It's like saying biography [02:48:41] or letter or so the one that ends up in [02:48:45] the Bible is the book of revelation and [02:48:47] that's tied to specifically the John [02:48:51] who's you know traditionally associated [02:48:53] with John uh the apostle of Jesus [02:48:56] >> and so when we're talking about the [02:48:58] canon of scripture what books are or [02:49:01] aren't included in our Bible what the [02:49:03] early church is doing first of all they [02:49:05] have a direct connection in association [02:49:07] with the early Jesus community so [02:49:09] there's a chain of custody in that there [02:49:12] are individuals who are disciples of the [02:49:14] disciples of Jesus. So you have guys [02:49:17] like so the dagger I gave you is named [02:49:19] after Irenaeus. Erynaeus is part of a [02:49:22] community where they're called the [02:49:24] apostolic fathers where their own [02:49:28] teachers are the apostles. So in one [02:49:31] sense the earliest Jesus community has a [02:49:34] direct line of communication with people [02:49:37] who knew Jesus. [02:49:38] >> Okay. And so when they're talking about, [02:49:41] okay, you had the old covenant and there [02:49:44] were books that were associated with the [02:49:45] old covenant, right? God makes a [02:49:47] covenant with Moses, you have the Torah, [02:49:48] you have the law. God makes covenant [02:49:51] with Israel, you have prophetic [02:49:53] writings. And there was an understanding [02:49:55] in ancient Judaism that covenant and [02:49:58] writings were in intricately connected. [02:50:01] So Jesus comes along. He establishes the [02:50:04] new covenant. [02:50:05] He establishes even like the signs of [02:50:09] that in the last supper in the the [02:50:13] eukarist to the Lord's table. And the [02:50:16] apostles see themselves as kind of the [02:50:19] arbiters of the new covenant. So the [02:50:22] natural question for the earliest [02:50:24] Christians who were Jews who believe in [02:50:26] Jesus as the Messiah is okay new [02:50:28] covenant where are the books cuz that [02:50:32] understanding is is carried over. It's [02:50:34] an ancient Jewish understanding. God [02:50:36] makes a promise. He makes a covenant [02:50:38] with the people and it's followed up by [02:50:40] books. [02:50:41] We have the new covenant. Where are the [02:50:43] books? It's kind of the natural organic [02:50:45] question that follows that. And so very [02:50:48] very early on the four biographies of [02:50:50] Jesus, Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, [02:50:52] they are uh being read as scripture. Um [02:50:57] Justin Martyr, this early Christian [02:50:59] writer refers to them as the memoirs of [02:51:01] the apostles. He says when Christians [02:51:03] gather together early in the morning, [02:51:04] they read the memoirs of the apostles [02:51:06] and and the letters of Paul are very [02:51:09] early collected together and even in one [02:51:12] single document. So we in the late [02:51:14] second early third century we have two [02:51:16] collections of manuscripts uh when [02:51:18] they're referred to as P46 and P45 and [02:51:21] those are a grouping of the four-fold [02:51:24] gospel cannon and acts and Paul's [02:51:26] letters. So like I said before, most of [02:51:29] these are circulating independently. [02:51:31] >> Okay. [02:51:32] >> As like you have a copy of Paul's letter [02:51:35] to Romans. Um [02:51:38] because once again it's super expensive, [02:51:40] right? I mentioned Codex Vaticanis [02:51:42] earlier. There's another one Codex [02:51:44] Sanaticus uh which comes from the 4th [02:51:46] century. It would have taken 360 sheep [02:51:48] to make. So like no small uh commitment [02:51:52] and effort and financial you know uh uh [02:51:55] contribution. [02:51:57] So you would usually just have them in [02:51:58] single books but the four gospels we do [02:52:01] find collections of them alto together [02:52:03] and whenever we have conversations of [02:52:06] what is scripture there's very little [02:52:10] debate about the gospels and there's [02:52:14] knowledge of other gospels the gospel of [02:52:16] Thomas gospel of Peter gospel of [02:52:18] philillip but they're always mentions in [02:52:21] connection of saying they have no [02:52:23] connection to the actual apostles we [02:52:25] know what are the documents ments that [02:52:26] have connection to the apostles. It's [02:52:28] Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. The [02:52:30] Gospel of Thomas doesn't. It's it's it's [02:52:32] a it's a forgery. It's false. Thomas was [02:52:35] dead by the time it was written. So, we [02:52:38] have early Christians talking about this [02:52:40] stuff and [02:52:43] in in going back to your um original [02:52:45] question, like when we have these [02:52:47] conversations on canon, [02:52:49] the [02:52:51] the Christians are wrestling. Some books [02:52:55] are a shoein. The gospels we can tie [02:52:58] directly to. Matthew, he was a disciple [02:53:00] of Jesus. John, he was a disciple of [02:53:02] Jesus. Luke is a traveling companion of [02:53:04] Paul. And Mark is intricately and [02:53:06] closely tied to Peter. So those are kind [02:53:08] of a shoein, right? And then you have [02:53:11] the letters of Paul. Those are kind of a [02:53:13] shoein. But then you have questions [02:53:14] about some of the others. And some of [02:53:16] those questions have to do with the fact [02:53:18] that you have other letters floating [02:53:20] around with apostles names. So in our [02:53:24] New Testaments, we have 1, second, and [02:53:27] third John, right? The letters of John [02:53:29] and first and second Peter. Those took a [02:53:32] little bit longer for the dust to settle [02:53:35] on to get into what we would consider as [02:53:38] like a closed cannon. And it it was [02:53:41] partly because the early Christians were [02:53:43] looking and they were looking around and [02:53:44] they were saying, "Okay, there are other [02:53:46] groups writing documents and they're [02:53:49] co-opting [02:53:51] popular figures names like Peter and [02:53:53] like John cuz those are very, you know, [02:53:56] key individuals in the early Jesus [02:53:58] community. So we need to do our due [02:54:01] diligence because we have [02:54:04] we have first and second Peter. We have [02:54:07] this other writing called the Gospel of [02:54:09] Peter. We have an Apocalypse of Peter. [02:54:11] We have an Acts of Peter. Let's let's [02:54:13] make sure we know. Let's make sure we're [02:54:15] actually reading the book that is tied [02:54:18] to the actual Peter. And so some of [02:54:21] these books take a little bit longer to [02:54:23] get full wide acceptance. And I think [02:54:25] that's a good thing. And in terms of [02:54:28] like books that are maybe found in the [02:54:30] Dead Sea Scrolls that are like other um [02:54:34] Jewish writings, uh the Jews had already [02:54:36] fleshed a lot of that out in that they [02:54:39] saw some of these books as very [02:54:41] valuable, very um like key into the [02:54:44] historical understandings of the Jewish [02:54:47] nation, especially during the time of [02:54:50] the Greek occupation and the Hasminian [02:54:53] revolt and like these are important [02:54:55] writings. [02:54:56] Um, but the Jews didn't consider them [02:54:59] scripture. And we can look at [02:55:01] individuals like I mentioned before, [02:55:02] Josephus, who talk about this and kind [02:55:04] of lay out guidelines and say like [02:55:07] here's we don't have an innumerable [02:55:09] books of uh holy scripture like the [02:55:12] Greeks do. We have a set number and here [02:55:15] is how we understand that set number. [02:55:19] And Paul says in the book of Romans that [02:55:22] the Jews were entrusted with the oracles [02:55:24] of God. And so part of the conversation [02:55:28] of the Old Testament scripture is okay [02:55:32] some people like Jerome in the 4th [02:55:34] century who's responsible for putting [02:55:36] together the Latin Vulgate which was the [02:55:39] Latin copy of the Bible that was the [02:55:41] Bible of the church for a thousand [02:55:42] years. [02:55:42] >> Okay. [02:55:44] >> He goes back and he's a he's a very [02:55:47] competent linguist. So he knows Greek [02:55:48] and Hebrew and he's going back and he's [02:55:50] talking with rabbis and he's saying, [02:55:51] "Okay, well what do you consider [02:55:52] scripture? What are these [02:55:53] conversations?" Um [02:55:55] and uh there's kind of a disagreement [02:55:57] between him and Augustine about some Old [02:55:59] Testament books, but and so there are [02:56:02] all these conversations happening, but [02:56:05] ultimately the dust does settle and [02:56:08] there is an established core of books [02:56:12] and that's the 66. the 66 that's in this [02:56:15] Bible are the established core and [02:56:18] there's debate about some others even [02:56:20] leading up to the reformation which is [02:56:22] why Luther says you know let's not worry [02:56:26] about some of these other books that [02:56:28] there's continual debate for that you [02:56:30] know even some popes are not are saying [02:56:32] that's not scripture um let's let's [02:56:35] stick to the ones that we know the Jews [02:56:38] themselves considered scripture and [02:56:40] that's the central core and that's what [02:56:43] we will hold to as the word of God. But [02:56:46] all that to say, it's the Dead Sea [02:56:49] Scrolls that kind of elucidate some of [02:56:51] our understandings of that in looking [02:56:53] at, okay, what were some of these groups [02:56:56] reading and maybe how were they treating [02:56:58] these books in the way that they were [02:56:59] copying them? That sheds light on some [02:57:02] of these conversations. [02:57:03] >> Are the are the other books that aren't [02:57:04] in the Bible, are they published [02:57:06] somewhere? Can you get them? [02:57:07] >> Oh, yeah. I mean, a Roman Catholic Bible [02:57:09] will have what's called the [02:57:10] Duderoconical Booksh. Mhm. [02:57:12] >> So dudero canon means second canon. Um [02:57:15] so to give the you know the Roman [02:57:18] Catholic Church their due they would say [02:57:19] second in reception not second in [02:57:22] authority. So they were officially [02:57:25] pronounced as part of the official [02:57:26] cannon at the council of Trent in the [02:57:30] after the reformation. There was a [02:57:31] counterreformation after the protestant [02:57:33] reformation and that's when those books [02:57:35] were officially designated as these are [02:57:37] included in scripture. So you can get um [02:57:40] Protestants typically typically refer to [02:57:42] it as the apocrypha [02:57:44] uh which is just a designation that goes [02:57:46] back to the ancient church for books [02:57:48] that are not canonical. They're [02:57:50] canonical or apocryphal. Doesn't mean [02:57:53] all apocryphal books are heretical. [02:57:55] They're not part of scripture. Um but [02:57:58] you can read them. Yeah. First and [02:57:59] first, second, and third Mcabes. Um [02:58:02] Tobit, Judith, you know, the bell and [02:58:05] the dragon. Uh there's an extra chapter [02:58:08] of the Psalms. These are I think good, [02:58:11] useful books to read. I would encourage [02:58:13] everybody to read them because I do [02:58:15] think that they they shed light on our [02:58:18] understanding of ancient Jewish culture. [02:58:21] And something like the Mcabes [02:58:24] tell us about the story of Hanukkah [02:58:29] where uh you had the Greeks, they go in [02:58:32] and they take over Jerusalem and uh the [02:58:36] the Greek emperor goes in and he he [02:58:39] desecrates the temple by sacrificing a [02:58:41] pig on the altar of God to Zeus. So like [02:58:44] bad news bears all over the place, [02:58:46] right? Mhm. [02:58:47] >> And uh then um Judas Makabeas uh Judas [02:58:51] the Hammer, he goes in and he he he [02:58:55] defeats them and he rededicates the [02:58:58] temple to God. And that's Hanukkah. This [02:59:01] is this story that happens prior to the [02:59:03] time of Jesus. And then you get to Jesus [02:59:06] and in the Gospel of John, it talks [02:59:08] about Jesus going to Jerusalem to the [02:59:10] temple for the feast of dedication. [02:59:11] That's Hanukkah. So something like the [02:59:14] Mcabes can they can actually shed a lot [02:59:17] of light on what's going on even in how [02:59:21] we understand what Jesus is doing in his [02:59:24] own day. Like why do Jews today [02:59:25] celebrate Hanukkah? Well, it's about [02:59:27] this historical event that took place [02:59:29] prior to Jesus. And we read about that [02:59:31] in these very valuable books, these [02:59:34] these historical books. But the the the [02:59:37] differentiation is [02:59:39] are these considered scripture? And as a [02:59:42] Protestant, I would say no. And I would [02:59:44] say that they're good historical reasons [02:59:45] to believe that going through all of the [02:59:47] conversations of the the last 2,000 [02:59:51] years. Um but I think people should read [02:59:53] them whether they think that they're [02:59:54] scriptural or not. [02:59:56] >> What's in the what do you call the war [02:59:58] scroll? [02:59:59] >> Yeah, the war scroll. [03:00:00] >> What's that about? [03:00:00] >> So that's uh that's the battle. So, it's [03:00:02] either called the war scroll or the [03:00:04] battle of the sons of light versus the [03:00:05] sons of darkness. And it's this big [03:00:08] cosmic battle of uh kind of the the the [03:00:13] Essenes, the Kuman community seeing [03:00:15] themselves as the ones that are holding [03:00:17] down the fort for the people of God. Um [03:00:20] so the the high priest under David in [03:00:24] the Old Testament was a guy named Zodok. [03:00:26] So, uh, there's a, uh, they see [03:00:29] themselves as kind of successors of the [03:00:31] high priest under David, and they see [03:00:35] themselves as the ones who are undefiled [03:00:38] from all of the corruption that they see [03:00:40] going on in Jerusalem. So, they there's [03:00:42] this they write this document that is [03:00:45] this cosmic battle between [03:00:49] angels and demons and all these things. [03:00:51] And really it's a it's a representation [03:00:55] of what they see as you know the [03:00:58] marching orders of how they need to be [03:01:01] as holy as possible and that there's a [03:01:04] cosmic battle that's raging in in the [03:01:07] background in the supernatural realm uh [03:01:10] that is going to influence how one day [03:01:14] all things are going to be made right. [03:01:15] God's going to win and they're going to [03:01:18] be the ones that are going to be kind of [03:01:20] the the way that this comes into [03:01:22] fruition. [03:01:24] Wow. Wow. You know, this morning uh at [03:01:27] breakfast we were talking about um a lot [03:01:30] of the people that have studied this [03:01:31] have never been to the location where [03:01:33] they were found. [03:01:33] >> Mhm. [03:01:34] >> Why do you think that's important? [03:01:36] >> I think to be there. [03:01:37] >> Yeah. I think it connects us to the [03:01:40] times and places where these things [03:01:44] happened. And so, so one of the the [03:01:47] things that we with the organization uh [03:01:49] that I have the the pleasure and [03:01:52] opportunity to be the vice president of [03:01:54] Apologetics Canada, we have this video [03:01:56] series, Can I Trust the Bible? And what [03:01:58] we want to do is we want to tell some of [03:02:00] those stories in the places where they [03:02:03] happen to try to make that kind of [03:02:05] connection. So we go to Nagamadi where [03:02:08] the Nagamadi library was discovered in [03:02:10] the desert in Egypt where the Gospel of [03:02:12] Thomas and the Gospel of Philip were [03:02:14] included and I we went to the Nagamadi [03:02:17] desert. I stand in an approximate [03:02:20] location of where it could have been [03:02:21] potentially found. And I tell the story [03:02:24] of this Bedawin shepherd who is [03:02:27] wandering through the desert. He's [03:02:29] digging for what's arguably fertilizer [03:02:31] and he finds this jar and in it are [03:02:34] these books. And I think, you know, for [03:02:38] me personally, there's something really [03:02:40] amazing about kind of just standing and [03:02:43] visualizing [03:02:45] where this happened and then being able [03:02:47] to tell that story in the location. So [03:02:50] the one we recently did, we were just in [03:02:52] Turkey, my colleague Gandhi and I, and [03:02:55] we were filming in Isnik, which is the [03:02:58] modern site of the ancient city of Nika. [03:03:01] Because the council of Nika often [03:03:03] becomes this uh kind of uh uh catchall [03:03:08] for conspiracy theories about whether [03:03:10] that's the books of the Bible or the [03:03:12] divinity of Christ. That's kind of the [03:03:14] Da Vinci Codeesque argument is that all [03:03:16] of these things get pinned on [03:03:18] Constantine and the Council of Nika. So, [03:03:20] we went to Nika and the the Basilica, [03:03:23] the church where they think it happened [03:03:26] was discovered recently. It's in a lake. [03:03:29] So, the there's been a drought. The [03:03:31] lake's been receding over time. And when [03:03:33] the lake receded, it actually revealed [03:03:35] the footprint of this ancient church. [03:03:39] >> No way. [03:03:40] >> Yeah. It's really cool. [03:03:41] >> Where is this? This is in Isnik, Turkey. [03:03:43] >> Is this where you you were just there? [03:03:45] >> Yeah. So, we my colleague Andy and I, [03:03:47] weighed out into the lake in front of [03:03:49] the ruins. You can see them. We fly a [03:03:52] drone over top and you can see the [03:03:53] ruins. It's like this this footprint of [03:03:55] a church. Um, really amazing stuff. And [03:03:58] we talk about [03:03:59] >> Did you dive it? [03:04:00] >> No. So, at this point when it was [03:04:02] discovered, you actually had to dive it. [03:04:03] And we planned when we like mapped this [03:04:05] out, we were going to dive it. Um my my [03:04:08] colleague Andy is actually a pretty [03:04:10] experienced uh uh scuba diver and so [03:04:12] that was our intention but the lake has [03:04:15] receded so much that it's basically on [03:04:17] dry land at this point. [03:04:18] >> No kidding. [03:04:19] >> So we we we were like not that far off [03:04:24] the shore and uh uh like the waves are [03:04:26] lapping up on the top of of the ruins. [03:04:29] >> Wow. But um we went there to tell the [03:04:33] story cuz it in 2025 it was 1,700 years [03:04:37] cuz it was 3:25 is when the council of [03:04:39] Nika happened. And so we went and we're [03:04:42] like we don't we don't just want to [03:04:44] clear up the details of what didn't and [03:04:46] did happen to the council of Nika. We [03:04:48] want to do it in Na. We want to do it in [03:04:51] front of the the ruins of the the sunken [03:04:53] basilica. And I think that just [03:04:56] that I hope what that does for the [03:04:59] viewer is it connects them in a more [03:05:02] tangible way that these aren't just [03:05:05] facts and these aren't just kind of data [03:05:08] points. This is real history and when we [03:05:12] can connect with the real history and [03:05:14] talk about what actually happened [03:05:17] that that connects us to something [03:05:19] bigger than just me as a talking head. [03:05:23] Um, and I think it just like those [03:05:25] opportunities are [03:05:26] >> man, that is amazing. [03:05:28] >> Amazing. [03:05:31] >> All right, Wes, we're winding down the [03:05:32] interview. [03:05:34] I want to ask, [03:05:38] what is the most compelling [03:05:40] piece of evidence for you [03:05:43] >> that proves J that proves Jesus's [03:05:46] existence? I'm always curious every, you [03:05:49] know. [03:05:50] >> Yeah. You know, I think I don't think [03:05:52] it's necessarily one thing. What I'm [03:05:56] always blown away with for the [03:06:00] multivalent case of the Christian [03:06:02] worldview is that when you look at the [03:06:05] claims of Christianity and ultimately [03:06:08] like them centering on who Jesus is, [03:06:13] there are so many [03:06:17] crossover interlocking [03:06:20] areas of inquiry [03:06:23] and evidence. It's, you know, and I I [03:06:26] went to university because I had full [03:06:28] intention of going into the police [03:06:29] force. [03:06:30] >> What? [03:06:30] >> Yeah. I wanted to be I wanted to be a [03:06:32] police. [03:06:32] >> Are you serious? [03:06:33] >> Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. I wanted to be a [03:06:34] police detective. God had other plans [03:06:35] and I kind of went off. Now, unbeknownst [03:06:37] to me, historioggraphy and detective [03:06:39] work are not all that [03:06:40] >> I was just going to say that. But in [03:06:45] police work, especially with something [03:06:47] like uh like an investigation on a [03:06:50] murder, say, you want a number of lines [03:06:54] of evidence that vary on how good or not [03:06:58] good they are, right? Because it makes a [03:06:59] cumulative case. Some evidence is a lot [03:07:02] better than other evidence, but when you [03:07:03] put it all together, it makes that [03:07:05] cumulative case to point to the evidence [03:07:08] of a specific thing happening. And this [03:07:10] is where I think people people often [03:07:12] miss the boat in that we don't just [03:07:15] believe the God of the Bible [03:07:16] arbitrarily. It's not like I picked [03:07:19] Yahweh but I could have picked Zeus. You [03:07:22] know, I believe that there's evidence [03:07:23] that ultimately points to [03:07:26] the truthfulness of the Christian [03:07:28] worldview. So when you have someone like [03:07:30] Ricker Jerves who says you there are [03:07:33] 30,000 religions out there, you really [03:07:35] think yours is true? In my mind [03:07:37] sometimes I think that's like standing [03:07:40] in front of a judge and saying there are [03:07:43] 30,000 people in this town. You really [03:07:45] think this guy's the guy who did it? [03:07:47] Well, it depends what the evidence is, [03:07:49] right? It depends whether the evidence [03:07:50] is pointing in the direction of that [03:07:52] person being the culprit. And so it's [03:07:54] not just arbitrary. We didn't just pick [03:07:56] a random person and put them on trial. [03:07:59] There's evidence that actually points to [03:08:01] whether that person is guilty or not. [03:08:04] And actually there could be good [03:08:05] evidence and bad evidence and the judge [03:08:07] could throw out some evidence as being [03:08:08] inconsequential or weak, but it's all of [03:08:11] that evidence together. And so when I'm [03:08:14] looking at the historical evidence and [03:08:16] I'm looking at something like whether [03:08:17] that's the transmission history of the [03:08:19] the manuscripts that I see, you know, we [03:08:22] can look at the Dead Sea Scrolls and we [03:08:23] can see their fidelity to a thousand [03:08:25] years later and that being [03:08:29] so close that it's staggering sometimes [03:08:33] or just you know uh a copy. I have some [03:08:38] like high-grade photocopies, faximiles [03:08:40] of manuscripts that I I do my academic [03:08:42] work on and I have a couple of like late [03:08:44] second early third century copies of the [03:08:46] gospels and I'm looking at and I'm I'm [03:08:49] looking at it. I'm reading the Greek and [03:08:51] when I'm site translating it and I look [03:08:54] at my English Bible I'm like guess what [03:08:57] I'm translating like I could I might as [03:08:59] well just open this up. [03:09:00] >> Wow. [03:09:01] >> Cuz the connect the connectivity is just [03:09:04] there. Now, that's not to say there [03:09:05] aren't like differences in spelling, [03:09:07] word order, or variances. Those do [03:09:09] exist, but it's just like the fidelity [03:09:12] is just so [03:09:14] mind-blowing to me personally. And then [03:09:16] you look at the internal evidence and [03:09:18] you look at the fact that the names, the [03:09:21] places, the facts, the information all [03:09:24] tie it to the first century in Galilee [03:09:29] of people who either they were there [03:09:31] themselves and they're communicating [03:09:32] this or like the gospel author Luke says [03:09:36] that he's interviewing eyewitnesses. He [03:09:38] says that at the beginning of his [03:09:40] gospel. He's very purposeful. you know, [03:09:41] I'm not I wasn't there, but I'm writing [03:09:45] the these things down. I'm making an [03:09:46] orderly account. I'm interviewing [03:09:47] eyewitnesses so that you may know the [03:09:49] things you are taught. And so you look [03:09:53] at these levels of the things that we're [03:09:55] trying to highlight with the Can I trust [03:09:57] the Bible series, the internal evidence [03:09:59] and with the names, the places, the [03:10:01] people, and you you see that and you go, [03:10:05] "Wow, this this is testifying to it [03:10:07] being written in the place is claiming [03:10:09] to be written, in the time frame it's [03:10:11] claiming to be written." And when we use [03:10:13] that exact same methodology and criteria [03:10:15] for something like the Gospel of Judas, [03:10:18] guess what? It reveals that the names, [03:10:21] the places, the details outed as being [03:10:23] written in 3rd century Egypt. And so [03:10:26] you're like, so [03:10:30] when you ask, well, what is the piece of [03:10:31] evidence? I think I think it's a [03:10:34] multi-valent [03:10:36] web [03:10:38] that all conjoins at the truthful claim [03:10:42] of all of these things are pointing to [03:10:44] this guy, Jesus. Oh, good. They're all [03:10:46] pointing all of there's prophecies in [03:10:49] the Old Testament. There's an [03:10:51] expectation. This guy Jesus, he comes on [03:10:53] the scene. He fulfills in some instances [03:10:58] very specific prophecies. He predicts [03:10:59] his own death and resurrection and then [03:11:01] he does it. And as a friend of mine [03:11:04] likes to say, people who rise from the [03:11:05] dead have more credibility and authority [03:11:07] than people who don't rise from the [03:11:09] dead. [03:11:10] >> Right? And so, so I find it so [03:11:13] fascinating that I'm I'm a trained [03:11:15] historian, so I look at the historical [03:11:16] data, but when I talk to my my [03:11:18] colleagues and friends who are [03:11:19] scientists, who are philosophers, who [03:11:21] are sociologists, and they also have all [03:11:24] of these different kind of lines of [03:11:26] argumentation, some of which, you know, [03:11:28] I don't like this one, I don't like that [03:11:30] one, but it's the cumulative case that [03:11:33] points to the truthfulness. So you could [03:11:35] eliminate one and I don't think it would [03:11:38] it wouldn't collapse my worldview cuz I [03:11:41] genuinely believe that at this point [03:11:44] with my inquiry and investigation [03:11:47] like I said before I think it's [03:11:49] intellectually robust but it's also [03:11:52] existentially satisfying. It's changed [03:11:54] my life. It's changed the way that I [03:11:56] think. [03:11:57] >> You know uh CS Lewis who I quoted before [03:11:59] he said you know I believe in Jesus like [03:12:01] I believe in the sun. Not that I see it, [03:12:03] but that by it I see everything else. [03:12:06] And so it's that's why we call it a [03:12:08] world view, right? It's how we view the [03:12:11] world around us. And when we were [03:12:15] talking before about, you know, those [03:12:16] those times where we struggle, those [03:12:19] those seasons of the dark nights of the [03:12:21] soul, [03:12:23] it's not that those aren't tangible, but [03:12:26] it's when I'm really struggling, I go [03:12:28] back to listen, I have something that [03:12:32] points to truthfulness. [03:12:34] And despite [03:12:36] my very subjective [03:12:39] feelings, [03:12:40] despite what I might be struggling with [03:12:43] right now, I I genuinely believe this is [03:12:46] true. And the truthfulness of that [03:12:49] changes the way that I live for the [03:12:51] better. that has echoes into not just [03:12:54] this life which should be lived well [03:12:57] which should be lived with integrity but [03:13:00] after [03:13:02] my mortal coil is given up and I go into [03:13:06] eternity uh that I [03:13:10] more questions will be answered in a way [03:13:12] that I never could have understood [03:13:13] before. [03:13:15] >> I'm actually I'm curious about this too. [03:13:17] What what has strengthened your faith [03:13:19] more? Or is it through your research or [03:13:20] is through your personal experiences? [03:13:22] When I say personal experiences, I mean [03:13:26] the miracle that you're not a par [03:13:28] paralyzed from the waist down now. Yeah. [03:13:31] Stuff like that. [03:13:32] >> I I'm not sure it's an either or. I [03:13:33] think it's a both and. Um I don't think, [03:13:37] you know, [03:13:40] faith isn't an intellectual endeavor. [03:13:44] I don't think we're going to stand [03:13:46] before God and he's going to give us a [03:13:48] theological test because if he did I'd [03:13:51] fail, [03:13:52] >> right? I think we'd all fail. Um it's [03:13:55] it's it goes beyond that. You know, Paul [03:13:58] I I read his is in Ephesians chapter 2 [03:14:00] earlier. He says, you know, faith is a [03:14:02] gift. It's a gift. You're saved by faith [03:14:05] through grace. And there's something [03:14:08] about that which has always been very [03:14:09] tangible for me, especially in my field [03:14:11] where there are plenty of non-believing [03:14:14] atheist, agnostic, biblical scholars who [03:14:17] know all sorts of things that um are [03:14:21] even like like go beyond even my level [03:14:23] of understanding. And that's been a [03:14:26] testimony to me that you can't you can't [03:14:30] intellectualize yourself into the [03:14:31] kingdom of God. It's not about that. [03:14:33] It's not about knowing the most. There [03:14:36] is something that is genuinely goes [03:14:37] beyond that's transcendent beyond just [03:14:40] the simple understanding right James [03:14:43] even says you believe that God is one [03:14:46] says great even the demons believe that [03:14:49] and they shudder at that fact it's not [03:14:52] about you know who knows God the best [03:14:55] >> that's probably Satan [03:14:57] >> but what what is different about the [03:15:02] understanding that goes beyond I think [03:15:04] the factual knowledge sits as kind of [03:15:06] the confidence building of I I can have [03:15:09] hope because I truly believe that this [03:15:11] is something that is true with a capital [03:15:12] T. [03:15:14] But beyond that, I've actually seen [03:15:16] Jesus changed my life. I've seen Jesus [03:15:19] take my heart of stone and give me a [03:15:20] heart of flesh and remove desires that I [03:15:23] had before to do things that were wrong. [03:15:27] >> You had a heart of stone. [03:15:29] >> Yeah, we all have hearts of stone. [03:15:31] >> Can't see it. [03:15:32] >> We all have hearts of stone. And apart [03:15:33] from the saving work of the spirit [03:15:35] speaking into our life, you know, we are [03:15:37] going to choose death 100% of the time. [03:15:40] Me, I, Wes, [03:15:42] >> you know, without [03:15:44] God working in me, I am going to fight [03:15:48] him with everything I have because I [03:15:51] don't know what's good for me. And so, I [03:15:54] mean, that's why it's such the [03:15:56] invitation that Christ extends is so [03:15:59] amazing because he doesn't need to do [03:16:01] that. He doesn't need to save us. Like I [03:16:04] said before, he's never He's not better [03:16:06] or worse off if I choose to follow, [03:16:08] choose to worship. He's still God. He's [03:16:11] still ruling and reigning. He's still [03:16:13] the author of creation and the creator [03:16:15] of the universe. And yet, not only does [03:16:18] he invite me into that, but he himself [03:16:22] steps into the conversation and he [03:16:25] becomes a human being. come as a baby, [03:16:28] vulnerable and and and [03:16:32] you know crying in a manger, a feeding [03:16:34] trough in Israel and in Bethlehem. [03:16:39] And how does God show he he can't he [03:16:43] can't become any greater, right? So he [03:16:46] steps down from the highest highs into [03:16:49] the lowest lows to show how great he [03:16:52] truly can be. And that like I said [03:16:56] before, if God is love and love is the [03:16:58] greatest ethic and the greatest example [03:17:00] of that greatest ethic is [03:17:02] self-sacrifice, then the God of the [03:17:04] Bible has truly in himself exemplified [03:17:09] what love embodies and it's in Jesus [03:17:12] Christ. [03:17:15] Wow. [03:17:17] Do you think God speaks to you? I think [03:17:19] God speaks to me in so far as [03:17:24] he moves me. I don't think I've never [03:17:27] heard an audible, you know, thus sayaith [03:17:30] the Lord statement. Mhm. [03:17:32] >> But I think the ways that God [03:17:34] communicates with us in in leading us um [03:17:40] I think through our conscience [03:17:43] in in how he directs us in the ways that [03:17:47] certain things come together I think are [03:17:50] tangible that are not necessarily [03:17:54] uh like a a prophetic thus sayeth the [03:17:58] Lord statement. the the author of [03:17:59] Hebrews, who I mentioned before, opens [03:18:01] his book by saying, "God, having spoken [03:18:03] long ago to the fathers and the prophets [03:18:04] in many portions and in many ways in [03:18:07] these last days, spoke to us in his son, [03:18:11] whom he appointed heir of all things, [03:18:13] through whom he also made the worlds, [03:18:16] who is the radiance of his glory and the [03:18:18] exact representation of his nature, and [03:18:20] upholds all things by the word of his [03:18:23] power, who having accomplished cleansing [03:18:25] of sins, sat down at the right hand of [03:18:27] the majesty on I and I think, you know, [03:18:29] there's something beautiful about God [03:18:32] presenting us with his word that's [03:18:36] tangible that we can look at and can [03:18:38] influence us. And I think in the moments [03:18:41] where I've heard God's voice speak to me [03:18:44] most is in the quiet moments of [03:18:48] reflection of reading scripture and [03:18:50] seeing just the profound truths through [03:18:55] all 66 books woven together that speak [03:18:59] to things that I didn't even know I [03:19:02] needed to know about who I am, about the [03:19:06] people around me, about who God is, and [03:19:09] how that just so drastically and and [03:19:13] impactfully [03:19:14] changes the way that I understand the [03:19:16] world. [03:19:18] >> Man, I love that. [03:19:20] >> Would you uh would you mind leading us [03:19:23] in prayer? [03:19:24] >> Yeah, I'd love to. [03:19:25] >> And this Thank you, Lord. [03:19:28] >> Honor to pray with you. [03:19:30] >> I I thank you for this time, Lord. I [03:19:32] thank you for Sean and I thank you for [03:19:35] just the giftings and opportunities that [03:19:37] you have given him. [03:19:39] that you have blessed him with. And [03:19:42] Lord, I pray that you would continue to [03:19:44] lead him in your understanding for your [03:19:47] glory. [03:19:49] Lord, would you shape us into the image [03:19:52] of your son Jesus Christ each and every [03:19:54] day by the power of your word and your [03:19:58] spirit who leads? Lord, that your word [03:20:00] would be our rule and your spirit our [03:20:02] teacher and your greater glory our [03:20:05] supreme concern for the growth of your [03:20:07] kingdom in the name of the one who has [03:20:09] saved us Jesus Christ. Amen. [03:20:11] >> Amen. [03:20:13] >> Wes woke up very restless this morning [03:20:17] and um you put me at ease. [03:20:19] >> Oh, I appreciate that. [03:20:20] >> Thank you. [03:20:21] >> Yeah, it's been an absolute pleasure. [03:20:23] >> It has been. I I'm [03:20:26] so glad we met. [03:20:28] >> Yeah. [03:20:29] God bless. [03:20:44] No matter where you're watching the [03:20:45] Shawn Ryan Show from, if you get [03:20:48] anything out of this at all, anything, [03:20:51] please like, comment, and subscribe. And [03:20:55] most importantly, share this everywhere [03:20:59] you possibly can. And if you're feeling [03:21:02] extra generous, head to Apple Podcast [03:21:05] and Spotify and leave us a
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